The regulation effect of EGCG3''Me phospholipid complex on gut flora of a high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
Authors: Lin, Yuhai; Zhang, Xin; Cheng, Lu; Yang, Hua
Abstract
Despite the remarkable bioactivity, the potential of EGCG3''Me to be fully utilized has not yet been completely elucidated due to its low absorption. It has been reported that phospholipids can act as agents to improve the absorption of antioxidants. Therefore, EGCG3''Me phospholipid complex (EPC) was utilized in this study to investigate its activity on gut flora of an obesity mouse model. After the administration of the complex for 8 weeks, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly increased (p < 0.05); meanwhile, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was decreased, suggesting the potential anti-obesity effect of the complex. Furthermore, the expression of Muc2 and Reg3g were directly upregulated by EPC intervention. Practical applications Although EGCG3''Me has shown excellent biological benefits, the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups and high polar properties hindered its application. This study indicated the potential of phospholipids in promoting the bioavailability of EGCG3''Me and might contribute to the production of functional food with better tea catechins absorption.
Reg3g Promotes Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in a Murine Model of Chronic Pancreatitis
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
Authors: Yin, Guoxiao; Du, Jiao; Cao, Hui; Liu, Xiulan; Xu, Qianqian; Xiang, Ming
Abstract
Background Regenerating islet-derived 3 (Reg3) is abnormally expressed in several human digestive system diseases, including chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic cancer (PC). AimThe purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the enhanced expression of Reg3 in inflammation-induced PC. MethodsC57BL/6 mice were treated with caerulein for 6 weeks to induce CP and then injected with pReg3g-a lentivirus system encoding for murine Reg3g-accompanied by dimethylbenzanthracene to induce PC. We detected pancreatic histopathological characteristics, tumor-related gene expression, inflammation-associated pathway activation, serum biochemical indicators, and immunological cell activities. Results The mice that developed CP after caerulein treatment were marked by pronounced histologic lesions, elevated serum amylase levels, and activation of inflammation-related pathways. Mice given a high dose of pReg3g developed PC by 16 weeks, with recognizable tumors in the pancreas. While, both the low and high doses of pReg3g produced higher transcription of c-fos, k-ras, cytokeratin-19, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and a lower expression of caspase-3 compared to pNEG controls. Additionally, the higher dose of pReg3g increased the expressions of pSTAT3, NF kappa B (p65), and SOCS3 methylation during PC development. In addition, mice treated with pReg3g displayed higher levels of serum IL10 and TGF beta and suppressed T lymphocyte proliferation and DC function. ConclusionThe comprehensive analysis suggests enhanced Reg3g expression exacerbates PC in inflammation-associated cancer progression. Reg3g appears to promote CP-related PC in mice through multiple mechanisms, involving enhanced transcription of pancreatic tumor markers, repression of anti-tumor immunity, and activation of STAT3/p65 signal transduction pathways.