Mouse Anti-Human CD8 Hybridoma [62.2]

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with uncertain aetiology. Exosomes are nanosized particles with biological capacities. Here, we aimed to study the effects of T cell-derived exosomes (T-exos) on the pathogenesis of OLP and its mechanism. T-exos were incubated with Jurkat cells for 48 hours, and 26 cytokines in the supernatant were measured by luminex assay. The expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha/beta was detected using immunohistochemistry and ELISA; that of CCR1/3/5 on peripheral T cells was determined by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to investigate the chemotactic effect of MIP-1 alpha/beta, and cells in the lower chambers were examinated by flow cytometry. As a result, OLP T-exos elevated the production of MIP-1 alpha/beta, which were highly expressed in OLP tissues and plasma. CCR1/5 were markedly expressed on OLP peripheral T cells, and the majority of CCR1/5(+) T cells were CD8(+) T cells. Besides, MIP-1 alpha/beta promoted the migration of OLP mononuclear cells, while inhibiting CCR1/5 significantly decreased the trafficking of mononuclear cells, especially that of CD8(+) T cells. Conclusively, OLP T-exos-induced MIP-1 alpha/beta may drive the trafficking of CD8(+) T cells after binding with CCR1/5 in OLP, contributing to the development of OLP.

The impact of host adaptive immune response on COVID-19 has now become a critical issue in absence of specific therapy and immunotherapies. In SARS CoV-2 infection, the immune response is thought to contribute both to the pathogenesis of the disease and to protection during its resolution. While mild cases develop an immune response that contributes to host protection, immunity of severely infected patients is a balance between harmful and protective immune responses. The severity of the disease has raised many questions about the kinetic, amplitude and the quality of adaptive immunity to the virus and its generation during the early phases of infection in severe, mild and asymptomatic patients. The role of antibody and CD4(+)and CD8(+)T cell responses have been studied and the development of an adaptive immunity seems to correlate with convalescence. The bioinformatics study of the T and B epitopes of coronaviruses has raised the question of the existence of cross-immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. In this review, we discuss the adaptive immune responses and their potential roles in protection during COVID-19.