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We offer a wide range of key antibodies and antigens for inflammation related research and diseases, including C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Calprotecin, IL-6 and Procalcitonin (PCT).
C-Reactive Protein (CRP), is a blood test marker for inflammation in the body. CRP is produced in the liver and its level is measured by testing the blood. Thus, the measurement of CRP is widely used to monitor various inflammatory states. CRP binds to damaged tissue, to nuclear antigens and to certain pathogenic organisms in a calcium-dependent manner.
Calprotecin Calprotectin is a protein biomarker that is present in the faeces when intestinal inflammation occurs. Elevated faecal calprotectin indicates the migration of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa, which occurs during intestinal inflammation, including inflammation caused by inflammatory bowel disease. Under a specific clinical scenario, the test may eliminate the need for invasive colonoscopy or radio-labelled white cell scanning.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6), promptly and transiently produced in response to infections and tissue injuries, contributes to host defense through the stimulation of acute phase responses, hematopoiesis, and immune reactions. In addition, osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation. Smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of many blood vessels also produce IL-6 as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. IL-6's role as an anti-inflammatory cytokine is mediated through its inhibitory effects on TNF-alpha and IL-1, and activation of IL-1ra and IL-10.
Procalcitonin (PCT), is a 116 amino acid peptide that has an approximate MW of 14.5 kDa and belongs to the calcitonin (CT) superfamily of peptides. Procalcitonin has been studied as a sepsis biomarker, to help with diagnosing/ ruling out sepsis and to guide the initiation and cessation of antibiotics.
Alpha 1 antitrypsin antigen, is a protein in the blood that protects the lungs from damage caused by activated enzymes. Laboratory tests measure the level of AAT in blood or identify abnormal forms of AAT that a person has inherited to help diagnose alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Interleukin 8 (IL-8), also known as neutrophil chemotactic factor, activates neutrophils inducing chemotaxis, exocytosis, and the respiratory burst. It is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines and is produced by leukocytic cells (monocytes, T cells, neutrophils, and natural killer cells) and non-leukocytic somatic cells (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells), with the most prominent source being monocytes and macrophages.
Lactoferrin (LF), also known as lactotransferrin (LTF), is a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family. Lactoferrin is a globular glycoprotein with a molecular mass of about 80 kDa that is widely represented in various secretory fluids, such as milk, saliva, tears, and nasal secretions. Lactoferrin is protein released by a type of white blood cell called a neutrophil. When there is inflammation in the digestive tract, neutrophils are attracted to the area and release lactoferrin, increasing the level of the protein in the stool. This test measures the level of lactoferrin in stool as a way to detect inflammation in the intestines.
Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), also known as oncogene 24p3 or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein belonging to the lipocalin superfamily initially found in activated neutrophils, in accordance with its role as an innate antibacterial factor. However, it subsequently was shown that many other types of cells, including in the kidney tubule, may produce NGAL in response to various injuries.
Serum Amyloid A, also known as SAA, which is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation. SAA proteins are involved in the acute phase responses; these are the immediate early host responses to inflammation. SAAs have also been implicated in several disease states including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, AA amyloidosis, and coronary artery disease. Liver is the major site of SAA synthesis, although extrahepatic expression has also been reported.
Transferrin, Transferrin, also called Siderophilin, protein (beta1 globulin) in blood plasma that transports iron from the tissues and bloodstream to the bone marrow, where it is reused in the formation of hemoglobin. Transferrin increases with iron deficiency and decreases when iron status improves or with protein-energy malnutrition. If a patient has concurrent iron deficiency, it is difficult to determine whether a low transferrin level reflects iron status or protein status.
Trypsinogen-2, also called anionic Trypsinogen, is serine is a serine protease (28 kDa) secreted by exocrine cells of the pancreas. In healthy subjects, the serum concentration of trypsinogen 1 is higher thasn that of trypsinogen 2, whereas in acute pancreatitis the trypsinogen 2 levels are higher. Several studies have investigated UT strips that utilize monoclonal antibodies and immunochromatography. These studies have shown high sensitivity and negative predictive values, suggesting that the UT can rule out pancreatitis with high probability.
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