High-throughput screening of bisphenols using magnetic covalent organic frameworks as a SELDI-TOF-MS probe
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
Authors: Sun, Qianqian; Gao, Chaohong; Ma, Wende; He, Yanting; Wu, Jie; Luo, Kailong; Ouyang, Dan; Lin, Zian; Cai, Zongwei
Abstract
Core-shell structured magnetic covalent organic framework (Fe3O4@COF) nanospheres were rapidly synthesized at room temperature using the monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) as magnetic core and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (BTA) and 3,3-dihydroxybenzidine (DHBD) as two building blocks (denoted as Fe3O4@BTA-DHBD), respectively. They can serve as a mass spectrometry probe for rapid and high-throughput screening of bisphenols (BPs) from pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The Fe3O4@BTA-DHBD nanospheres showed some superior features involving average pore size distribution (2.82 nm), high magnetization values (42.5 emu g(-1)), high specific surface area (82.96 m(2) g(-1)), and good chemical/thermal stability. It was used as both ideal adsorbent for enrichment of BPs and new substrate to assist ionization in SELDI-TOF-MS. The method exhibited good linearity in the range 0.05-4000 ng mL(-1) with correlation coefficients (r) higher than 0.9920. Low limits of detection (LODs) (500 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol A (BPA), 2 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol B (BPB), 28 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol C (BPC), 60 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol F (BPF), 33 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol AF (BPAF), 200 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol BP (BPBP), 10 pg mL(-1) for bisphenol S (BPS), 90 pg mL(-1) for tetrabromobisphenol A (BPA(Br)(4)), and 380 pg mL(-1) for tetrabromobisphenol S (BPS(Br)(4))) and good recoveries (80.6-115%) of BPs in PPCPs were achieved. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of spot-to-spot (n=10) and sample-to-sample (n=5) were in the ranges 5-11% and 5-12%, respectively. The dual-function platform was successfully applied to the quantitative determination of BPs in PPCPs. It not only expanded the scope of the application of COFs but also provided an alternative strategy for the determination of hazardous compounds in PPCPs. Schematic representation of the synthesis of core-shell structured magnetic covalent organic framework nanospheres (Fe3O4@COFs) and its application in the analysis of bisphenols by using Fe3O4@BTA-DHBD nanospheres as a MS probe based on surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Fibrinogen to albumin ratio as a powerful predictor of the exaggerated morning blood pressure surge in newly diagnosed treatment-naive hypertensive patients
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Ozdemir, Mahmut; Yurtdas, Mustafa; Asoglu, Ramazan; Yildirim, Tarik; Aladag, Nesim; Asoglu, Emin
Abstract
Background The exaggerated morning blood pressure surge (MS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension. We aimed to investigate the association between fibrinogen, albumin, fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), and exaggerated MS, and which of those variables is a better predictor for identifying an exaggerated MS in newly diagnosed treatment-naive hypertensive patients. Material and Methods The study included 249 treatment-naive patients who were newly diagnosed with hypertension in both clinical and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring measurements. Morning BP was defined as the mean of BPs measured during the first 2 hours after wake-up. The lowest BP was defined as the mean of 3 BP measurements focused on the lowest nighttime computations. The MS was calculated as the morning systolic BP minus the lowest systolic BP. Fibrinogen and albumin levels were measured from venous blood. FAR was obtained by dividing the fibrinogen to the albumin. Results Patients with higher-value MS had a higher fibrinogen, FAR, and a lower albumin than those with low-value MS. MS was positively correlated with fibrinogen and FAR, and negatively correlated with albumin (for all,p< .001). Fibrinogen, albumin, and FAR were independent predictors of exaggerated MS. FAR was a more powerful predictor than fibrinogen (p< .001) and albumin (p= .02) in determining exaggerated MS. Conclusion Patients with exaggerated MS had a higher fibrinogen and FAR, and a lower albumin level than those without exaggerated MS. FAR may be a better predictor than fibrinogen and albumin for determining exaggerated MS.