Tartrazine [KLH]

Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) is still one of the most used coloring agent in drugs, cosmetics and food industry, several toxic effects in rodent as human were described, including some disruption regarding the reproductive system function. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a sub-chronic consumption of tartrazine on sperm quality, testosterone level and oxidative stress markers in testis. Therefore, 300 mg/kg of body weight of tartrazine were daily intragastrally (i. g.) administrated to Wistar rats during 30 days. Sperm features, testosterone and cholesterol levels in plasma and testis were assessed. We evaluated lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA)) and antioxidant enzymes activities, including Glutathion-S-Transferase (GST) and catalase in testis. Furthermore, toxicity indicators to know; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase were measured in plasma. We showed that tartrazine consumption led to a significant decrease in body weight gain and critically altered sperm characteristics. Both testosterone and cholesterol levels were significantly decreased and a lower activity of thiol group (SH), catalase and GST was recorded. MDA level in testis, LDH and acid phosphatase rate in plasma were highly increased. Our results revealed that subchronic exposure to tartrazine could be extremely harmful to the reproductive function. Yet, it is mandatory to raise the awareness of health issue related to this dye. (c) All Rights Reserved

A new and green engineered biocomposite was synthesized by sol-gel method, using different loadings of the Preyssler heterpolyacid (8, 15, 25, 40 and 50 wt%) on the functionalized microcrystaline cellulose surface. For the first time, this two-component polymeric biocomposite used for in-situ catalytic synthesis of Pd nanoparticles with the aim of producing tricomponent nanobiocomposites. Preyssler loading on the functionalized surface, controled the size and shape of Pd nanoparticles, time, and pH of their formation. All biocomposites and nanobiocomposites were characterised by FTIR, XRD, BET, TGA, SEM, EDS and TEM. The SEM analysis for two component polymeric biocomposites confirmed the presence of the Preyssler on the surface of functionalized cellulose. The formation of Pd nanoparticles on the surface, was observed by color changing (yellow to deep brown) and confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The Pd nanoparticles formation was fast (2-4 min) for 8 wt% in pH = 2-3 at 80 degrees C. TEM analysis illustrated the spherical Pd nanoparticles with a size of 5-20 nm, at the lowest loading of Preyssler, and rod shapes with a size of 30-40 nm at the highest loading. The obtained nanobiocomposite exhibited high catalytic activity for the decolourisation of tartrazine, as a model of dyes pollutant in the industry with high degradation efficiency. The catalytic reactions were extended with other azo dyes including methyl orange and rodamine B. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.