Growth, Distribution, and Crisis: The Workers' Party Administrations
LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Dutra Fonseca, Pedro Cezar; Arend, Marcelo; Guerrero, Glaison Augusto
Abstract
The economic policies of the governments of Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016) combined orthodox measures with distinctive pro-growth measures that, although they deviated from neoliberalism, cannot be called "developmentalist" either. They lacked a long-term strategy for reversing the deindustrialization of the country or advancing to a new technological paradigm. They did, however, have a historical commitment to income redistribution that was largely implemented. The broad social pact proposed by Lula acknowledged the hegemony of financial capital, and its contradiction was that it protected the hegemonic group by means of monetary and fiscal policies that required growth in the gross domestic product, a favorable balance of payments, and a gap between wages and productivity. When these conditions no longer held, Rousseff responded to the crisis with a "new macroeconomic matrix" that amounted to the abandonment of Lula's class-coalition pact. As politicas economicas dos governos de Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016) combinaram medidas ortodoxas com distintas medidas pro-crescimento que, embora se desviassem do neoliberalismo, tambem nao podem ser chamadas de "desenvolvimentalista." Eles careceram de uma estrategia de longo prazo para reverter a desindustrializacao do pais e avancar para um novo paradigma tecnologico. Eles tinham, no entanto, um compromisso historico com a redistribuicao de renda que foi implementada em grande parte. O amplo pacto social proposto por Lula reconheceu a hegemonia do capital financeiro, e sua contradicao foi que protegia o grupo hegemonico por meio de politicas monetarias e fiscais que exigiam crescimento do produto interno bruto, uma balanca de pagamentos favoravel e uma lacuna entre salarios e produtividade. Quando essas condicoes nao mais se mantiveram, Rousseff respondeu a crise com uma "nova matriz macroeconomica" que resultou no abandono do pacto de coalizao de classes de Lula.
Coping with the stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: future research agenda based on emotional intelligence ((Afrontando el estres causado por la pandemia COVID-19: futura agenda de investigacion desde la inteligencia emocional))
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Extremera, Natalio
Abstract
Emotional intelligence provides a unified theoretical framework for studying the role of emotional skills in the processes of stress and well-being, which is extraordinarily applicable in this crisis caused by COVID-19. Thus, below we shall provide a non-exhaustive analysis of the potential consequences of this pandemic, suggesting several future avenues of research to examine intrapersonal and interpersonal psychosocial processes based on emotional intelligence.