Porcine Total Nitric Oxide ELISA Kit

Although rare. mycoplasmas are included among the causes of respiratory diseases in reptiles and, in the order Squamata, three reports of these microorganisms causing diseases in pythons have already been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Mycoplasma species in captive snakes. A total of 26 snakes of the families Pythonidae (13). Boidae (7), Viperidae (5) and Colubridae (0 from RioZoo, Brazil. were evaluated. Animals were examined to determine clinical signs consistent with any infectious disease. Tracheal swab samples from snakes were collected in Frey medium and analyzed for the presence of Myeoplasma spp. by isolation and a genus-specific PCR. DNA sequencing analyses of six-positive samples by PCR were carried out to identify the species. Using isolation 19.23% (5/26) was positive, while 65.38% (17/26) of the animals were positive by PCR. Based on the analyses of the six sequences obtained. there was similarity with a Mycoplasma spp. previously described in a phyton and, MI agassizii and MI testudineum reported in chelonians. This is the first report of Mycoplasma spp. in animals of the families Boidae and Viperidae. Mycoplasma spp. were detected in snakes with and without clinical signs. The mycoplasmas reported resented identity (range, 95% to 100%) to others already described in reptiles. There was no relationship between the presence of Myeoplasma spp. and clinical signs.

In sequel to our previous study (Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 769 (2020) 138,471), we elucidate here the determining role of alloying with Ti and tempering effect on tensile and creep properties in low activation martensitic steel (LAM) and compare with the coarse-grained (CG) LAM steel. When the tempering temperature was decreased from 760 degrees C to 730 degrees C, while maintaining time constant at 30 min, grain size and MX carbide density was constant at -7.0 +/- 0.5 mu m and (8.20 +/- 0.05) x 10(24) m(-3) in 0.1 Ti LAM steels, compared to -20.0 +/- 0.5 mu m and (3.20 +/- 0.05) x 10(24) m(3) in Ti-free CG LAM steel. However, the thickness of martensitic lath decreased from 450 +/- 10 nm to 370 +/- 10 nm and the density of M23C6 carbides increased from (4.30 +/- 0.05) x 10(19) m(3) to (1.10 +/- 0.05) x 10(20) m(3), which were 320 +/- 10 nm and (6.05 +/- 0.05) x 10(19) m(3) in CG LAM steel. Yield strength ((sigma)y) increased with the decrease of tempering temperature. At room temperature, sigma(y) of 0.1 Ti LAM steels increased from 660 +/- 10 MPa to 700 +/- 10 MPa, accompanied by no apparent decrease in elongation (25 +/- 1% to 24 +/- 1%). In CG LAM steel, sigma(y) was 570 MPa and elongation was 23%. Creep life at 600 degrees C/170 MPa increased from 145 +/- 5 h to 190 +/- 5 h with the decrease of tempering temperature from 760 degrees C to 730 degrees C, while it was 120 h for CG LAM steel. Furthermore, sigma(y) increased with the decrease of subgrain size and the increase of M23C6 density. At 600 degrees C/170 MPa, the coarsening of martensitic lath and the decrease of M23C6 carbide density reduced the strength, leading to crack initiation in the vicinity of large M23C6 carbides and fracture. The mechanisms involving differences in the mechanical behavior are discussed.