Native M. tuberculosis PPD Protein

Name: Native M. tuberculosis PPD Protein
SKU: DAG2684
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

M. tuberculosis PPD protein, native protein from M. tuberculosis

COA

SDS

Datasheet

Summary

Product Overview

The product is produced from culture filtrates from virulent species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Nature

Native

Tag/Conjugate

Unconjugated

Concentration

1 mg/ml

Buffer

in physiological PBS

Preservative

None

Storage

2-8°C short term, -20°C long term

Introduction

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a pathogenic bacterial species in the animal Mycobacterium and the causative agent of most cases of tuberculosis (TB). First discovered in 1883 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell.

Keywords

M. tuberculosis; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis; MTB; Mycobacteriaceae; Mycobacterium; Tuberculin; M. tuberculosis Tuberculin PPD protein; Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculin PPD protein

Citations

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Improved Immune Responses and Tuberculosis Protection by Aerosol Vaccination with recombinant BCG expressing ESX-1 from Mycobacterium marinum

Sayes F, Frigui W, Pawlik A, Tillier C, Tichit M, Hardy D, Brosch R

bioRxiv2025 SepRead Article

Applications: Unspecified application

Reactive species: Unspecified reactive species

"Abstract: The currently licensed anti-tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, provides limited protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults, the main cause of TB transmission and mortality. To obtain an improved BCG-based vaccine candidate with increased immune signaling but still low virulence, we have previously generated a recombinant BCG strain named BCG::ESX-1^Mmar, which is heterologously expressing ESX-1 functions of Mycobacterium marinum and thereby modulates the host innate immune responses via phagosomal rupture-associated induction of type I interferon production and enhanced inflammasome activity, leading to superior protection against TB disease in murine infection models."

Article snippet: Pool of splenocytes and total lung homogenates of immunised mice (n = 2-3 mice per group) were cultured in flat-bottom 24-well plates (TPP) at 5 x 10⁶ cells per well in RPMI 1640 medium GlutaMAX (***), complemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (***), 1% of MEM non-essential amino acids (***), 5 x 10^-5 M β-mercaptoethanol (***), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (***) in the presence of 5 μg/ml of PPD (Creative Diagnostics), or a mixture of 2 μg/ml rESAT-6 (***) and 2 μg/ml rCFP-10 (***) proteins during 72 hours at 37°C and 5% CO₂.

Immunogenicity of tested vaccine strains in mice immunised via subcutaneous or aerosol routes. (Sayes F, <i>et al</i>, 2025)

Figure 1. Immunogenicity of tested vaccine strains in mice immunised via subcutaneous or aerosol routes.

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other organs. Despite effective treatment, TB remains a major global health concern, causing significant illness and death, especially in developing countries. Over 1.7 billion people are estimated to be infected with M. tuberculosis. While the overall incidence has decreased, multidrug-resistant TB remains a concern. Active TB usually presents with symptoms including unexplained weight loss, fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, and night sweats, while latent TB infection (LTBI) is symptom-free and non-infectious. Early diagnosis of active TB is crucial for management and prevention. LTBI is prevalent worldwide, and individuals with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of developing active, contagious TB. The risk is highest within the first two years of exposure, emphasizing the importance of detecting and treating latent TB to control its spread and reduce disease burden.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD (Purified Protein Derivative) is a protein extract derived from the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a widely used diagnostic tool for detecting exposure to tuberculosis (TB) and determining the presence of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction indicative of a previous TB infection. In clinical practice, PPD is typically administered via a tuberculin skin test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. A small amount of PPD solution is injected intradermally, usually on the forearm, and the test is read 48 to 72 hours later. The presence of a raised, red bump at the injection site indicates a positive reaction, suggesting exposure to M. tuberculosis. The PPD-based tuberculin skin test has been used for many years as a screening tool for tuberculosis infection. It provides a standardized antigen preparation for assessing delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and determining exposure to M. tuberculosis. Alongside other diagnostic methods, PPD-based tests contribute to the early detection, management, and control of tuberculosis, ultimately helping to reduce the spread and impact of this infectious disease.

Alternative Names

Native Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD Protein
Native Mycobacterium tuberculosis Purified Protein Derivative
Native M. tuberculosis Purified Protein Derivative
Native MTB Purified Protein Derivative
Native MTB PPD Protein
Native Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative
Native Tuberculin PPD Protein
Native M. tuberculosis Tuberculin PPD protein
Native Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculin PPD protein

Documents

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M. tuberculosis Antibodies and Antigens

QA & Reviews

Q & A

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Q: Is DAG2684 suitable for tuberculin skin testing in rabbits?

A: Yes, DAG2684 (Tuberculin PPD) is confirmed to be suitable for skin testing in rabbits.The recommended approach is to administer an intradermal injection of 0.002–0.005 mg (equivalent to ~100–250 TU) in a 0.1 mL volume.

Customer Reviews

References

Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: The potential role of new technologies

Respiratory Medicine

Authors: Kunst H.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TB control programmes need improvement in the diagnosis of latent TB infection. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is far from a 'gold' standard as it often gives false results. Interferon-gamma assays are newly available tests to detect latent TB infection, but they are currently not routinely used. They are based on immune responses to purified protein derivative (PPD) or to region of difference 1 (RD1) specific antigens. Assays based on RD-1 specific antigens perform better than both PPD based assays and TST. They correlate with TB exposure and are less likely to give false results in non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination and immunosuppression. More accurate diagnosis of latent TB infection with RD-1 specific antigen based interferon-gamma assays may allow targeting of chemoprophylaxis to reduce the burden of active TB while decreasing wastage of health care resources due to false results associated with TST. However, further research and development is required to verify that new tests can predict the risk of later development of active TB and to make it feasible to perform these tests in a reproducible fashion at low cost, particularly in developing countries.

Advances in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Infection

ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGIA

Authors: Arias Guillen, Miguel

Abstract

One-third of the world-wide population currently presents latent tuberculosis infection (LTI). In Spain, TB is situated as the third disease of mandatory notification. The standard technique for the diagnosis of ITL is the tuberculin test (PPD), although its most important drawback is its specificity since the proteins used are not specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In recent years, research has been done and new diagnostic methods have been approved based on the in vitro quantification of the immune cell response, the so-called interferon gamma release assays (IGRA). Compared with PPD, the main difference is that IGRAs detect the release of interferon-gamma in response to specific tuberculous antigens. In the absence of a true reference test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection, it is difficult to establish the sensitivity and specificity of these new diagnostic techniques. IGRAs have been used in the detection of ITL in subjects with immune system alterations (HIV, EEI, IRC, rheumatologic diseases) with good results. They are also being extensively used in the study of contacts. In recent studies involving serial controls of said tests, they were observed to present conversions and reversions that occur after exposure to M. tuberculosis. Today and with the current knowledge, it seems that IGRAs can complement PPD, but not substitute them. (C) 2010 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.

Antimycobacterial immune responses in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis

CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL

Authors: Hoerster, Robert; Kirsten, Detlef; Gaede, Karoline Iris; Jafari, Claudia; Strassburg, Alan; Greinert, Ulf; Kalsdorf, Barbara; Ernst, Martin; Lange, Christoph

Abstract

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown origin. Pathogenetic involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has frequently been discussed in the aetiology of sarcoidosis; however, studies still remain contradictory. Objective: We addressed the question of mycobacterial involvement in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis by analysing cellular immune responses to mycobacterial antigens. Methods: We examined the interferon (IFN)-gamma production by enzyme-linked immunospot in response to purified protein derivate (PPD) mycobacterial-specific antigen early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6 and culture filtrate protein (CFP)-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bronchoalveolar-lavage mononuclear cells (BALMCs) of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, smear-negative tuberculosis and controls. Results: Release of IFN-gamma in response to ex vivo contact with PPD, ESAT-6 or CFP-10 by BALMC and PBMC were comparable among patients with sarcoidosis and controls (PBMC P = 0.2326; BALMC P = 0.1767) and were less frequently observed in both groups compared to patients with tuberculosis (BALMC P < 0.05; PBMC P < 0.0001). Within PBMC, the immunophenotype of sarcoidosis patients differed from that of patients with tuberculosis, as well as from that of controls, while within BALMC it resembled that of patients with tuberculosis. Conclusion: In contrast to patients with tuberculosis, the frequency of mycobacteria-specific local and systemic immune responses is not elevated in patients with sarcoidosis when compared to controls. The immunophenotype represents the local resemblance of the granulomatous reaction underlying tuberculosis and sarcoidosis while showing systemical difference. These observations do not support a role of an infection with M. tuberculosis in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Please cite this paper as: Horster R, Kirsten D, Gaede KI, Jafari C, Strassburg A, Greinert U, Kalsdorf B, Ernst M and Lange C. Antimycobacterial immune responses in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2009; 3: 229-238.