Human Echinococcus granulosus IgG ELISA Kit

Name: Human Echinococcus granulosus IgG ELISA Kit
SKU: DEIA1777
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

Regulatory status: For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedures.

COA

SDS

Datasheet

Summary

Sample

Serum, plasma

Detection Method

iELISA

Intended Use

The Echinococcus IgG Enzyme Immunoassay Kit provides materials for the qualitative and semiquantitative determination of IgG-class antibodies to Echinococcus in human serum and plasma.

Contents of Kit

1. Microtiterwells, 12 x 8 (break apart) strips, 96 wells; Wells coated with Echinococcus granulosus antigen.(incl. 1 cover foil)
2. Sample Diluent *, 1 vial, 100 mL, ready to use, colored yellow; pH 7.2 ± 0.2.
3. Pos. Control *, 1 vial, 2.0 mL, ready to use; colored yellow, red cap.
4. Neg. Control *, 1 vial, 2.0 mL, ready to use; colored yellow, yellow cap.
5. Cut-off Control *, 1 vial, 2.0 mL, ready to use; colored yellow, black cap.
6. Enzyme Conjugate *, 1 vial, 20 mL, ready to use, colored red, antibody to human IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase.
7. Substrate Solution, 1 vial, 14 mL, ready to use, Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB).
8. Stop Solution, 1 vial, 14 mL, ready to use, contains 0.2 mol/L H₂SO₄. Avoid contact with the stop solution. It may cause skin irritations and burns.
9. Wash Solution *, 1 vial, 30 mL (20X concentrated for 600 mL), pH 6.5 ± 0.1
* Contain non-mercury preservative

Storage

Store the unopened reagents at 2 - 8°C until expiration date. Do not use components beyond the expiry date indicated on the kit labels.
Opened reagents must be stored at 2 – 8 °C. Microtiter wells must bd stored at 2 – 8 °C. Once the foil bag has been opened, care should be taken to close it tightly again.
Opened kits retain activity for 8 weeks if stored as described above.

Detection Range

0.23 Units/ml-60 Units/ml

General Description

Echinococci are microscopic cestodes (tapeworms) with a length of 1.4 to 6 mm which are dependent on their genus found. o either in dogs or other canids (E. granulosus) o or in foxes, coyotes and wolves (E. multilocularis) Sources of infection are final hosts (i.e. dogs for E. granulosus and mainly foxes for E. multilocularis) and food contaminated with parasite eggs. After ingestion of a suitable intermediate host, the egg hatches in the small bowel and releases an oncosphere that penetrates the intestinal wall and through the circulatory system into various organs where it develops into a cyst. Echinococcus infections remain silent for years before the enlarging cysts cause symptoms in the affected organs E. granulosus larvae (oncospheres) begin to vesiculate mainly in the liver but also in the lungs and in other organs (20%). The parasites form spherical, unilocular, fluid-filled cysts and can achieve diameters between 1-15 cm. In contrast to cystic echinococcosis, E. multil°Cularis larvae are found almost exclusively (98%) in the liver, but secondary lesions can spread metastatically to other organs (lungs, kidneys, CNS and others). The parasites grow infiltrative and tumor-like in the host tissue. E. granulosus occurs practically worldwide E. multil°Cularis occurs in the northern hemisphere, including central Europe and the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Detectable immune responses have been associated with the location, integrity, and vitality of the larval cyst. Cysts in the liver are more likely to elicit antibody response than cysts in the lungs, and regardless of localization, antibody detection tests are least sensitive in patients with intact hyaline cysts. Cysts in the lungs, brain, and spleen are associated with lowered serodiagnostic reactivity whereas those in bone appear to more regularly stimulate detectable antibody. Fissuration or rupture of a cyst is followed by an abrupt stimulation of antibodies. A Differentiation between both species of Echinococcus is not possible.

Citations

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Background

This enzyme immunoassay is designed to detect and semi-quantitatively measure IgG antibodies to Echinococcus in serum and plasma. Echinococcus refers to microscopic tapeworms that can be found in dogs or other canids (E. granulosus) or in foxes, coyotes, and wolves (E. multilocularis). Infection occurs through ingestion of contaminated food or contact with final hosts. The parasite's eggs hatch in the small bowel, penetrate the intestinal wall, and travel through the bloodstream to various organs, where they develop into cysts. Symptoms typically arise when the cysts grow larger over time. E. granulosus forms fluid-filled cysts that can reach sizes of 1-15 cm, while E. multilocularis primarily affects the liver but can spread to other organs.

Serology is the main laboratory method used to diagnose cystic echinococcosis and other similar parasitic infections. However, there is no widely accepted serological test that is both highly sensitive and specific for detecting antibodies against cystic echinococcosis. The indirect hemagglutination test and ELISA are commonly used methods for antibody detection. Among these, the Echinococcus IgG ELISA is reported to be the most sensitive test for diagnosing pulmonary hydatid cysts, followed by the indirect hemagglutination test. These tests are important for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, approximately 10% of patients with hepatic cysts and 40% with pulmonary cysts may not produce enough IgG antibodies to be detected in the serum, leading to false-negative results. To ensure a reliable diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis and confirm positive serological test results, imaging techniques should be used in conjunction with clinical evaluation.

Alternative Names

Human Echinococcus granulosus IgG ELISA
Human E. granulosus IgG ELISA
Human E. granulosus IgG ELISA Kit

Documents

pdf COA

pdf SDS

pdf Datasheet

QA & Reviews

Customer Reviews

References

Analysis of specific IgE and IgG subclass antibodies for diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus

Parasite Immunology

Authors: Khabiri A R, Bagheri F, Assmar M, et al.

Abstract

The potential roles of specific antibodies of different immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses and IgE in serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) were investigated by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on Antigen 5 (Ag5). Presence of IgG1 was demonstrated in all sera from 58 patients with CE. The most discriminatory and specific antibodies found in this study belonged to IgG4 and IgE. Only one false-positive reaction was observed with IgG4 and no IgE cross-reactivity occurred with 40 sera from healthy controls. In 36 sera from patients infected with parasites other than CE two false-positive reactions with IgG4 were observed but none occurred with IgE. In immunoblotting, it was shown that IgG1 subclass was responsible for cross-reactivity of human antibodies that reacted with a 38 kDa subunit of Ag5. IgG4 and IgE antibodies could not recognize the 38 kDa subunit and under non-reducing conditions reacted with the 57 kDa subunit without any cross-reactivity to other parasites. The results demonstrated that IgG4 and IgE are the most important antibodies for serological diagnosis of hydatid cyst in an Ag5 based immunoassay system.

Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus in the Population of the Region of Thessaly, Central Greece

PLoS One

Authors: Fotiou V, Malissiova E, Minas A, et al.

Abstract

Echinococcosis notification rate in Greece, based on the most recent data, is below 0.25 per 100,000 population. To further investigate the epidemiology of echinococcosis in Greece a study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of Echinococcus granulosus antibodies in the population of Thessaly, Central Greece. Five hundred and forty two left over blood samples in Thessaly laboratories, were collected using a stratified convenient sampling procedure. Samples were analyzed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The seropositivity found was 1.1%(95% C.I., 0.5–2.5), with 5 out of 6 seropositive results to be in the age group of over 65 (OR = 17.95, 95%CI 2.04–157.11, p value 0.009). Rural residence was also found as a risk factor to seropositivity (RR = 7.60, 95% CI 0.89–64.64, p value 0.039). Surveillance data and our study results converge that echinococcosis is being reduced in Greece, with older population to be affected mostly. These might be due to the disease transmission restriction, by the control measures being implemented. Efforts should be continued, in both animals and humans side, by increasing training campaigns and public awareness.