Rabbit Anti-Human SOD2 Polyclonal Antibody

Ziram, a zinc dithiocarbamate is widely used worldwide as a fungicide in agriculture. In order to investigate ziram-induced changes in macrophage functions and polarization, human monocytes-derived macrophages in culture were treated with ziram at 0.01-10 mu mol.L(-1)for 4-24 h. To characterize zinc involvement in these changes, we also determined the effects of disulfiram alone (dithiocarbamate without zinc) or in co-incubation with ZnSO4. We have shown that ziram and disulfiram at 0.01 mu mol.L(-1)increased zymosan phagocytosis. In contrast, ziram at 10 mu mol.L(-1)completely inhibited this phagocytic process, the oxidative burst triggered by zymosan and the production of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and CCL2 triggered by LPS. Disulfiram had the same effects on these macrophages functions only when combined with zinc (10 mu mol.L-1). In contrast, at 10 mu mol.L(-1)ziram and zinc associated-disulfiram induced expression of several antioxidants genes HMOX1, SOD2, and catalase, which could suggest the induction of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress could be involved in the increase in late apoptosis induced by ziram (10 mu mol.L-1) and zinc associated-disulfiram. Concerning gene expression profiles of membrane markers of macrophage polarization, ziram at 10 mu mol.L(-1)had two opposite effects. It inhibited the gene expression of M2 markers (CD36, CD163) in the same way as the disulfiram-zinc co-treatment. Conversely, ziram induced gene expression of other M2 markers CD209, CD11b, and CD16 in the same way as treatment with zinc alone. Disulfiram-zinc association had no significant effects on these markers. These results taken together show that ziram via zinc modulates macrophages to M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype which is often associated with various diseases.

Aging is a global challenge. Many studies reported that the accumulation of ROS and oxidative stress could be the most important causative factors for aging. Phenolic, flavonoids, and melanoidins possess potent of ROS scavenging ability. In this study, brown black wolfberry (BBW) was prepared via the Maillard Reaction (MR) and its anti-aging potential was explored using the Drosophila melanogaster and D-gal induced aging mice as the animal model. Results showed that total phenolic and flavonoid contents and browning index were increased after MR. In vivo study results indicated that BBW significantly increased the survival time and alleviated the oxidative stress caused by H2O2 of Drosophila melanogaster. Meanwhile, BBW significantly ameliorated oxidative damage and d-gal-induced aging in mice and inhibited lipid peroxidation by enhancing the anti-oxidant enzyme activities and up-regulating the expressions of the endogenous stress defense genes (SOD1, GSH-Px1, GSH-Px2 of aging mice and SOD1, SOD2, CAT of Drosophila melanogaster).