Rabbit Anti-Human PTS Polyclonal Antibody

Religion and spirituality provide coping resources that are associated with outcomes following a trauma, including posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Although religious coping was initially conceptualized by Pargament (1997) as a set of 21 constructs, most researchers have favored a brief assessment of the 2 higher order constructs, positive and negative religious coping. This brief measure has popularized research on religious coping but the tradeoff has been that findings are restricted to these higher-order constructs, rather than the actual coping methods. As a result, findings are difficult to apply to clinical interventions, to religious settings, and in refining theory. This research study was designed to help address this shortcoming in the literature by modeling posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and perceived posttraumatic growth (PPTG). The study is composed of 2 samples of trauma-exposed individuals: 286 participants from Amazon's MTurk and 308 undergraduate students at a faith-based university. Participants completed measures of traumatic experiences, PTSD symptoms, PPTG, and the full Religious Coping Inventory. Multiple penalized regressions were conducted to develop models of religious coping methods that were strongly linked to PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic growth. The models that were developed included variables both positively and negatively associated with PTS and PPTG, identifying specific relationship between the constructs, such as the negative association between active surrender and PTS. The results provide guidance for researchers, therapists. and religious leaders who aim to minimize posttraumatic stress responses and to facilitate posttraurnatic growth.

Hospital acquiredClostridioides(Clostridium)difficileinfection is exacerbated by the continued evolution ofC. difficilestrains, a phenomenon studied by multiple laboratories using stock cultures specific to each laboratory. Intralaboratory evolution of strains contributes to interlaboratory variation in experimental results adding to the challenges of scientific rigor and reproducibility. To explore how microevolution ofC. difficilewithin laboratories influences the metabolic capacity of an organism, three different laboratory stock isolates of theC. difficile630 reference strain were whole-genome sequenced and profiled in over 180 nutrient environments using phenotypic microarrays. The results identified differences in growth dynamics for 32 carbon sources including trehalose, fructose, and mannose. An updated genome-scale model forC. difficile630 was constructed and used to contextualize the 28 unique mutations observed between the stock cultures. The integration of phenotypic screens with model predictions identified pathways enabling catabolism of ethanolamine, salicin, arbutin, and N-acetyl-galactosamine that differentiated individualC. difficile630 laboratory isolates. The reconstruction was used as a framework to analyze the core-genome of 415 publicly availableC. difficilegenomes and identify areas of metabolism prone to evolution within the species. Genes encoding enzymes and transporters involved in starch metabolism and iron acquisition were more variable whileC. difficiledistinct metabolic functions like Stickland fermentation were more consistent. A substitution in the trehalose PTS system was identified with potential implications in strain virulence. Thus, pairing genome-scale models with large-scale physiological and genomic data enables a mechanistic framework for studying the evolution of pathogens within microenvironments and will lead to predictive modeling to combat pathogen emergence.