Mutations in HADHB, which Encodes the b- Subunit of Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein, Cause Infantile Onset Hypoparathyroidism and Peripheral Polyneuropathy
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
Authors: Naiki, Misako; Ochi, Nobuhiko; Kato, Yusuke S.; Purevsuren, Jamiyan; Yamada, Kenichiro; Kimura, Reiko; Fukushi, Daisuke; Hara, Shinya; Yamada, Yasukazu; Kumagai, Toshiyuki; Yamaguchi, Seiji; Wakamatsu, Nobuaki
Abstract
Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) is a hetero-octamer composed of four - and four -subunits that catalyzes the final three steps of mitochondrial -oxidation of long chain fatty acids. HADHA and HADHB encode the -subunit and the -subunit of MTP, respectively. To date, only two cases with MTP deficiency have been reported to be associated with hypoparathyroidism and peripheral polyneuropathy. Here, we report on two siblings with autosomal recessive infantile onset hypoparathyroidism, peripheral polyneuropathy, and rhabdomyolysis. Sequence analysis of HADHA and HADHB in both siblings shows that they were homozygous for a mutation in exon 14 of HADHB (c.1175C>T, [p.A392V]) and the parents were heterozygous for the mutation. Biochemical analysis revealed that the patients had MTP deficiency. Structural analysis indicated that the A392V mutation identified in this study and the N389D mutation previously reported to be associated with hypoparathyroidism are both located near the active site of MTP and affect the conformation of the -subunit. Thus, the present patients are the second and third cases of MTP deficiency associated with missense HADHB mutation and infantile onset hypoparathyroidism. Since MTP deficiency is a treatable disease, MTP deficiency should be considered when patients have hypoparathyroidism as the initial presenting feature in infancy. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metabolic Reprogramming in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Authors: Szelechowski, M.; Amoedo, N.; Obre, E.; Leger, C.; Allard, L.; Bonneu, M.; Claverol, S.; Lacombe, D.; Oliet, S.; Chevallier, S.; Le Masson, G.; Rossignol, R.
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction in the spinal cord is a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the neurometabolic alterations during early stages of the disease remain unknown. Here, we investigated the bioenergetic and proteomic changes in ALS mouse motor neurons and patients' skin fibroblasts. We first observed that SODG93A mice presymptomatic motor neurons display alterations in the coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, along with fragmentation of the mitochondrial network. The proteome of presymptomatic ALS mice motor neurons also revealed a peculiar metabolic signature with upregulation of most energy-transducing enzymes, including the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and the ketogenic components HADHA and ACAT2, respectively. Accordingly, FAO inhibition altered cell viability specifically in ALS mice motor neurons, while uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) inhibition recovered cellular ATP levels and mitochondrial network morphology. These findings suggest a novel hypothesis of ALS bioenergetics linking FAO and UCP2. Lastly, we provide a unique set of data comparing the molecular alterations found in human ALS patients' skin fibroblasts and SODG93A mouse motor neurons, revealing conserved changes in protein translation, folding and assembly, tRNA aminoacylation and cell adhesion processes.