Anti-GGH monoclonal antibody Made to order

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular abnormalities are considered to be the most important non obstetric cause of morbidity. The primary objective of the present study is to assess the effect of heart diseases in pregnancy and its outcome. If diagnosed early and managed properly with multidisciplinary team approach, collaboration of trained obstetrician, cardiologist, anaesthetist, paediatrician and nurse, it results in a successful outcome for mother and child in majority of cases. The primary objective of the present study is to assess the effect of heart diseases on pregnancy and its outcome METHODS The study was carried out in a tertiary care centre, GGH KKD over the period January 2018-January 2019. All antenatal patients having cardiac diseases either previously diagnosed or diagnosed during antenatal visits, early postnatal patients with booked antenatal visits, referrals with cardiac diseases, emergency admissions, patients who developed cardiac complications during peripartum period were included in the study. Data was statistically analysed SPSS 16. RESULTS Out of a total of 10936 admissions in our hospital during the study period, there were 135 admissions with heart disease complicating pregnancy (1.23%). 100 of them were included in the study. The RHD (40%) was the principal cause of heart diseases among all the pregnancies. Second common cause is congenital heart diseases. Of these, 26% underwent cardiac surgery. Peripartum cardiomyopathy was found in 6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that pre pregnancy diagnosis, counselling appropriate referral, routine antenatal supervision, and delivery at an equipped centre improve the foetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with heart disease.

Tetrahedral [Cu(P)(4)][BF4]-type complexes (P = tertiary phosphine) are a class of monopositively charged compounds that have shown notable antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo tests. This biological property appears to be related to the peculiar physicochemical characteristics of these compounds. Although thermodynamically stable, they are labile at micromolar concentrations. Such a behavior allows the Cu(I) ion in [Cu(P)(n)](+) assemblies (n < 4) to interact with surrounding molecules, including the rich peptide/protein environment that metal complexes have to face in the physiological milieu on the way to tumor cells. The scope of this investigation was to study the interaction products that originate from the treatment in water/methanol mixtures of representative phosphino Cu(I) compounds with an excess of individual amino acids (AAs) selected on the basis of the donor atom likely involved in metal coordination (i.e. O-glycine, S-methionine, and N-histidine). These interactions have been investigated in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), mainly in the positive ion mode [ESI(+)MS], and the interaction products have been characterized by sequential collisional experiments, performed by an ion trap instrument. Histidine and methionine, but not glycine, were able to mine Cu(I) from [Cu(P)(n)](+) assemblies through the formation of mixed [CuI(P)(AA)](+) and eventually [CuI(AA)(2)](+) adducts. The ability to substitute phosphine(s) by AAs and the strongest affinity for Cu(i) was proved by the study of the energetics of collisional-induced decomposition (CID) reactions [Cui(P)(AA)](+) -> [CuI(AA) + P](+). Among the investigated AAs, histidine displayed the strongest affinity for Cu(I). Transchelation of Cu(I) was similarly observed when [Cu(P)(n)](+) species were treated with the model tripeptide GlyGlyHis (GGH), the most investigated member of the amino terminal Cu(II) and Ni(II) (ATCUN) peptide family. GGH was able to form robust metal adducts not only with Cu(ii) and the related divalent Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions, but also with monovalent ions, including Cu(I) and Ag(I). CID pathways of [CuI(GGH)](+) and [Ag-I(GGH)](+) were qualitatively superimposable and proceeded through losses of neutral fragments. Similar losses of neutral fragments were observed from [Zn-II(GGH)] and [Ni-II(GGH)]. CID pathways of [Cu-II(GGH)](-/+) adducts instead took place mainly through intramolecular electron-transfer reactions comprising the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) and the formation of fragment radical cations.