General Notes
This product (Catalog No. DPABH-27877) is a rabbit-derived polyclonal antibody raised against human CXCL12, targeting the amino acid region 22–89 of the protein. This antibody exhibits cross-reactivity with Human CXCL12 from mouse. It has been affinity purified by Protein A. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), also known as CXCL12, is a homeostatic CXC chemokine encoded by the CXCL12 gene on chromosome 10q11.21 that functions primarily as a chemoattractant, directing the migration and homing of hematopoietic progenitor cells, lymphocytes, and other immune effectors to specific tissues such as bone marrow and lymphoid organs. The mature protein, predominantly the α isoform comprising 68 amino acids following cleavage of a 21-amino-acid signal peptide, adopts a characteristic chemokine structure with a disordered N-terminal domain, a three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet, and a C-terminal α-helix stabilized by two disulfide bridges between conserved cysteines. Alternative splicing yields at least six isoforms (α through γ, δ, ε, and φ), with variations in the C-terminal extension influencing glycosaminoglycan binding, receptor affinity, and tissue-specific functions; for instance, CXCL12γ exhibits enhanced heparan sulfate interactions and anti-HIV activity. SDF-1 is constitutively expressed by stromal cells in bone marrow, spleen, liver, and other tissues, with levels upregulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 under low-oxygen conditions and downregulated by transforming growth factor-β. It exerts its effects mainly through the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, widely expressed on hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial cells, and neurons, activating downstream pathways including phospholipase C, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription to promote chemotaxis, cell survival, proliferation, and adhesion. A secondary receptor, atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3/CXCR7), acts as a scavenger to modulate CXCL12 availability and signals via β-arrestin pathways, while atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1/DARC) binds dimeric forms for clearance.
DPABH-27877 is suitable for use in ELISA (1:4,000–1:8,000), IHC (1:50–1:100), Western blot (WB) (1:1,000–1:4,000) applications.
DPABH-27877 is supplied as a liquid formulation in 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4, 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Proclin 300. For long-term storage, keep at −20 °C. For short-term use, store at 2–8 °C. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles to maintain antibody integrity and performance.
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