Anti-CNP (aa 80-84) polyclonal antibody

Si-based electrodes offer exceptionally high capacity and energy density for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs),but suffer from poor structural stability and electrical conductivity that hamper their practical applications. To tackle these obstacles, we design a C/polymer bilayer coating deposited on Si-SiOx microparticles. The inner C coating is used to improve electrical conductivity. The outer C-nanoparticle-reinforced polypyrrole (CNP-PPy) is a polymer matrix composite that can minimize the volumetric expansion of Si-SiOx and enhance its structural stability during battery operation. Electrodes made of such robust Si-SiOx@C/CNP-PPy microparticles exhibit excellent cycling performance: 83% capacity retention (794 mAh g(-1)) at a 2 C rate after more than 900 cycles for a coin-type half cell, and 80% capacity retention (with initial energy density of 308 Wh kg(-1)) after over 1100 cycles for a pouch-type full cell. By comparing the samples with different coatings, an in-depth understanding of the performance enhancement is achieved, i.e., the C/CNP-PPy with cross-link bondings formed in the bilayer coating plays a key role for the improved structural stability. Moreover, a full battery using the Si-SiOx@C/CNP-PPy electrode successfully drives a car model, demonstrating a bright application prospect of the C/polymer bilayer coating strategy to make future commercial LIBs with high stability and energy density.

Nanostructured cerium oxide (CNP) was synthesized via co-precipitation and used as a base matrix to construct an enzyme-less electrochemical sensing platform for a non-electroactive analyte (i.e., melamine in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA)). CeO2 was screen printed (SP) on prefabricated gold electrodes for the indirect detection of melamine. The melamine concentrations varied in the range of 0.01 ppb to 10 ppm with a fixed amount of ascorbic acid (i.e., 50 ppm). Absorption spectra were obtained from 220 to 400 nm for all melamine concentrations. The cyclic voltammogram (CV) for different melamine concentrations was obtained in the applied voltage range of -1 to +1 V. The peak oxidation current reduced as a function of increased melamine concentration in the presence of ascorbic acid, which was supported by absorption studies. The obtained melamine sensitivities were 64.9 and 80.8 mu A/ppb/mm(2), respectively, without and with ascorbic acid. The limits of detection estimated from three times the signal-to-noise ratio were 1.5x10(-3) and 2.4x10(-3) ppb, which are the lowest values so far reported to the best of our knowledge. The electrochemical impedance study predicted the increase of the charge transfer characteristics in the presence of AA, which comprehensively correlated with the CV data. The developed sensor can be used for the detection of melamine in milk, dairy products, and other food items.