Anti-APOD monoclonal antibody, clone 9DE7

Ozone is one of the major gaseous pollutants detrimental to crop growth and metabolism. The objective of this research was to study how ABA ameliorates the effects of ozone on rice seedlings. Seedlings of two rice cultivars with different sensitivities to ozone (Tainting 67, tolerant; and Taichung Native 1, sensitive) were treated with 400 ppb of ozone or ABA and 400 ppb of ozone to determine their effect on growth, stomatal movement, chlorophyll characteristics, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Activities of the enzymes SOD, APOD, GR and POD were significantly higher in the sensitive cultivar, TN 1, than in the tolerant cultivar, TNG 67. Seedlings of the sensitive cultivar pretreated with ABA (10 muM) were significantly more tolerant of ozone than control seedlings. Pretreatment with ABA effectively reduced stomatal conductance and the degree of injury. Abscisic acid also increased ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity. Ozone increased peroxidase activity in sensitive seedlings, but ABA decreased peroxidase activity. The sensitive cultivar had a higher density of stomata on its leaves than the tolerant cultivar. The results suggest that ABA induced tolerance to ozone may be more associated with its effects on stomatal movement than on the modulation of antioxidant enzyme activity.

We address the problem of control of spatially distributed processes in the presence of measurement constraints. Specifically, we assume the availability of sensors that measure part of the state spatial profile. The measurements are utilized for the derivation and on-demand update of reduced order models (ROM) based on an extension of the adaptive proper orthogonal decomposition (APOD) method using a snapshot reconstruction technique. The proposed Gappy-APOD methodology constructs locally accurate low-dimensional ROM thus resulting in a computationally efficient alternative to using a large-dimensional ROM with global validity. Based on the low-dimensional ROM and continuous measurements available from point sensors a Lyapunov-based static output feedback controller is subsequently designed. The proposed controller design method is illustrated on an unstable process modeled by the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, when the designed controller successfully stabilizes the process even in the presence of model uncertainty. (C) 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 747-760, 2013