Anti-Mouse AMACR Polyclonal antibody

We performed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to investigate the numeric change of chromosomes 7, 17, and Y and loss of chromosome 3p in "papillary renal cell carcinomas (RCC) with extensive clear cell changes (CCC)." Consecutive cases of RCC over a 12-year period were reviewed to identify "papillary RCC with extensive CCC." Immunostaining for cytokeratin 7 and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) and FISH for chromosomes 7, 17, Y, and 3p were applied. Of the total of 521 RCC retrieved, there were 49 RCC with papillary architecture and clear cell areas that could be divided into: Group 1 (12 cases), typical clear cell RCC with focal areas of papillary formation; Group 2 (28 cases), focal typical papillary RCC having papillary architecture with extensive CCC; and Group 3 (nine cases), RCC with an admixture of eosinophilic/clear cytoplasm and solid/papillary architecture. Group 1 showed negative immunoreactivity for CK7 and AMACR and absence of numeric chromosomal gain or loss of chromosomes 7/17 and Y. Groups 2 and 3 showed variable reactivity for CK7 and AMACR. Tumors in group 2 and five in group 3 showed trisomies of chromosomes 7 and/or 17 with or without loss of chromosome Y. Loss of small arm 3p was observed in groups 1 and 3 but not in group 2 tumors. In conclusion, papillary RCC may show phenotypical CCC mimicking clear cell RCC. In a small number of cases with mixed histopathological features, FISH is helpful in subtyping RCC.

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is over-expressed in many cancer types and can serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker. Development of convenient and sensitive detection methods of AMACR is of particular importance for cancer diagnosis. Aptamers are a type of recognition elements, which possess many advantages over antibody, making them suitable for applications in biosensing and biotechnology. In this work, we use the efficient surface modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to prepare the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and aptamer dual-functionalized nanoprobe. The immobilization of HRP and thiol-terminated aptamer on the surface of AuNPs can be achieved through electrostatic interaction and the formation of AueS bond, respectively. This nanoprobe, which is used as discriminating and catalytic probe, can be combined with enzyme immunoassay method to increase the detection sensitivity of AMACR. The detection limit can reach as low as 4.6 pg mL(-1) due to the dual signal amplification from enzymatic cycling and the high loading of enzymes on AuNPs. This sensitivity is about three orders of magnitude higher than that of AMACR aptamer based fluorescence method, which is also comparable to or one order of magnitude higher than that of ELISA. Furthermore, this method is more simple and effective, which not only avoids the conjugation between recognition element and the catalytic enzyme,