Meta-analysis identifies six new susceptibility loci for atrial fibrillation
NATURE GENETICS
Authors: Ellinor, Patrick T.; Lunetta, Kathryn L.; Albert, Christine M.; Glazer, Nicole L.; Ritchie, Marylyn D.; Smith, Albert V.; Arking, Dan E.; Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina; Krijthe, Bouwe P.; Lubitz, Steven A.; Bis, Joshua C.; Chung, Mina K.; Doerr, Marcus; Ozaki, Kouichi; Roberts, Jason D.; Smith, J. Gustav; Pfeufer, Arne; Sinner, Moritz F.; Lohman, Kurt; Ding, Jingzhong; Smith, Nicholas L.; Smith, Jonathan D.; Rienstra, Michiel; Rice, Kenneth M.; Van Wagoner, David R.; Magnani, Jared W.; Wakili, Reza; Clauss, Sebastian; Rotter, Jerome I.; Steinbeck, Gerhard; Launer, Lenore J.; Davies, Robert W.; Borkovich, Matthew; Harris, Tamara B.; Lin, Honghuang; Voelker, Uwe; Voelzke, Henry; Milan, David J.; Hofman, Albert; Boerwinkle, Eric; Chen, Lin Y.; Soliman, Elsayed Z.; Voight, Benjamin F.; Li, Guo; Chakravarti, Aravinda; Kubo, Michiaki; Tedrow, Usha B.; Rose, Lynda M.; Ridker, Paul M.; Conen, David; Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko; Furukawa, Tetsushi; Sotoodehnia, Nona; Xu, Siyan; Kamatani, Naoyuki; Levy, Daniel; Nakamura, Yusuke; Parvez, Babar; Mahida, Saagar; Furie, Karen L.; Rosand, Jonathan; Muhammad, Raafia; Psaty, Bruce M.; Meitinger, Thomas; Perz, Siegfried; Wichmann, H-Erich; Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Kao, W. H. Linda; Kathiresan, Sekar; Roden, Dan M.; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; McKnight, Barbara; Sjogren, Marketa; Newman, Anne B.; Liu, Yongmei; Gollob, Michael H.; Melander, Olle; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Stricker, Bruno H. Ch; Felix, Stephan B.; Alonso, Alvaro; Darbar, Dawood; Barnard, John; Chasman, Daniel I.; Heckbert, Susan R.; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Kaeaeb, Stefan
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is a highly prevalent arrhythmia and a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure and death(1). We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry, including 6,707 with and 52,426 without atrial fibrillation. Six new atrial fibrillation susceptibility loci were identified and replicated in an additional sample of individuals of European ancestry, including 5,381 subjects with and 10,030 subjects without atrial fibrillation (P < 5 x 10(-8)). Four of the loci identified in Europeans were further replicated in silico in a GWAS of Japanese individuals, including 843 individuals with and 3,350 individuals without atrial fibrillation. The identified loci implicate candidate genes that encode transcription factors related to cardiopulmonary development, cardiac-expressed ion channels and cell signaling molecules.
Low-frequency and common genetic variation in ischemic stroke The METASTROKE collaboration
NEUROLOGY
Authors: Malik, Rainer; Traylor, Matthew; Pulit, Sara L.; Bevan, Steve; Hopewell, Jemma C.; Holliday, Elizabeth G.; Zhao, Wei; Abrantes, Patricia; Amouyel, Philippe; Attia, John R.; Battey, Thomas W. K.; Berger, Klaus; Boncoraglio, Giorgio B.; Chauhan, Ganesh; Cheng, Yu-Ching; Chen, Wei-Min; Clarke, Robert; Cotlarciuc, Ioana; Debette, Stephanie; Falcone, Guido J.; Ferro, Jose M.; Gamble, Dale M.; Ilinca, Andreea; Kittner, Steven J.; Kourkoulis, Christina E.; Lemmens, Robin; Levi, Christopher R.; Lichtner, Peter; Lindgren, Arne; Liu, Jingmin; Meschia, James F.; Mitchell, Braxton D.; Oliveira, Sofia A.; Pera, Joana; Reiner, Alex P.; Rothwell, Peter M.; Sharma, Pankaj; Slowik, Agnieszka; Sudlow, Cathie L. M.; Tatlisumak, Turgut; Thijs, Vincent; Vicente, Astrid M.; Woo, Daniel; Seshadri, Sudha; Saleheen, Danish; Rosand, Jonathan; Markus, Hugh S.; Worrall, Bradford B.; Dichgans, Martin
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of common and low-frequency genetic variants on the risk of ischemic stroke (all IS) and etiologic stroke subtypes. Methods: We meta-analyzed 12 individual genome-wide association studies comprising 10,307 cases and 19,326 controls imputed to the 1000 Genomes (1 KG) phase I reference panel. We selected variants showing the highest degree of association (p < 1E-5) in the discovery phase for replication in Caucasian (13,435 cases and 29,269 controls) and South Asian (2,385 cases and 5,193 controls) samples followed by a transethnic meta-analysis. We further investigated the p value distribution for different bins of allele frequencies for all IS and stroke subtypes. Results: We showed genome-wide significance for 4 loci: ABO for all IS, HDAC9 for large vessel disease (LVD), and both PITX2 and ZFHX3 for cardioembolic stroke (CE). We further refined the association peaks for ABO and PITX2. Analyzing different allele frequency bins, we showed significant enrichment in low-frequency variants (allele frequency <5%) for both LVD and small vessel disease, and an enrichment of higher frequency variants (allele frequency 10% and 30%) for CE (all p < 1E-5). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the missing heritability in IS subtypes can in part be attributed to low-frequency and rare variants. Larger sample sizes are needed to identify the variants associated with all IS and stroke subtypes.