Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Detection Kits

Sample

food, feces, intestinal fluids, and other liquid samples

Detection Method

sELISA

Intended Use

The ELISA kit is used for detecting SEB in food, feces, intestinal fluids, and other liquid samples.

Contents of Kit

1. SEB Standard, 1 vial, 10 ng, lyophilized, -20°C.
2. SEB Detection Antibody, 1 vial, 50 μl, -20°C
3. Solution B - Sample/Standard/Detection Antibody Dilution Buffer, 1 bottle, 50 ml, -20°C
4. TMB, 2 vials, 0.2 ml, -20°C
5. Chromogen Dilution Buffer, 1 bottle, 20 ml, -20°C
6. Stop Solution - 2N Sulfuric Acid, 1 bottle, 10 ml, -20°C
7. Wash Buffer, 20×, 1 bottle, 50 ml, -20°C
8. Capture Antibody Coated 96-Well ELISA Plate, (SEB: Green), 1 each, 8-well strips × 12

Storage

-20°C

General Description

The contamination of pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins in food and water is a serious issue for human health and safety (1, 2). For instance, enterotoxins (SEs) produced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are heat-stable, meaning pathological activity remains even after exposure to sterilization techniques and digestive proteases. Among the SEs, staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and B (SEB) are confirmed toxins which cause enteritis and food poisoning. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, which in severe cases, may lead to fatalities in children and the elderly (3-5). These SEs, known as superantigens, non-specifically activate T-cells,
leading to proliferation which ultimately results in T-cell elimination. This activation directly and indirectly induces a massive release of inflammatory cytokines (6).
In addition to acute poisoning, researchers reported that these toxins may play roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. More specifically, intestinal dysbiosis (enteromicrobial imbalance) was found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and which may overwhelm the host immune defense functions by chronic exposure to excess amounts of these pathogens (7, 8). In animal models, SEs synergistically play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune-related diseases (9), such as atopic dermatitis (8, 10), food allergies (11, 12), colitis (13, 14), arthritis (11, 15-17), and systemic lupus erythematosus (11, 18).
Several methods exist for detecting pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins, such as polymerase chain reaction PCR), mass spectrometry, biosensor-based techniques, reversed passive latex agglutination, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (5, 19). Of these techniques, PCR is ideal to detect the presence of microorganisms through their DNA or RNA. On the other hand, ELISA is widely used for detecting toxins in samples because of its high assay sensitivity and simplicity. For example, ELISAs were used to assay SEB in food samples as well as synovial fluids, sera, and urine from RA patients (6, 19).