Introduction
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were first discovered in the 1950s in an effort to identify the causative agent of the common cold. HRVs are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Picornaviridae, genus Enteroviridae. HRVs were once classified into only two species, HRV-A and -B, according to phylogenetic sequence criteria. However, testing of clinical specimens in the 1960/70s yielded around 100 different strains, which were subsequently serotyped. This led to the division of the original 99 strains into two the species HRV-A (containing 74 serotypes) and HRV-B (containing 25 serotypes). The HRV genome is translated into a single polyprotein product that is cleaved by virally-encoded proteases to produce 11 proteins: capsid proteins VP4, VP2, VP3, VP1 and non-structural proteins 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D.
COA
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