KIC 8975515: A fast-rotating (gamma Dor - delta Sct) hybrid star with Rossby modes and a slower delta Sct companion in a long-period orbit
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Authors: Samadi-Ghadim, A.; Lampens, P.; Jassur, D. M.; Jofre, P.
Abstract
Aims. KIC 8975515 is a double-lined spectroscopic binary system with hybrid nature. Regular monitoring with the echelle spectrograph hermes show that both components have matching atmospheric properties (T-eff similar to 7400 K), and that one of them is a fast rotator (v sin i = 162 versus 32 km s(-1)). Our aim is to study the Kepler light curve in order to determine the frequencies of the pulsations, to search for regular spacing patterns in the Fourier spectrum, if any, and to discuss their origin in the context of binarity and fast rotation. Methods. In this paper, we study the properties of the stellar pulsations based on a careful analysis of the Fourier spectrum. This was done by performing repeated frequency-search analyses with successive prewhitenings of all the significant frequencies detected in the spectrum. Moreover, we searched for regular period spacing among the g modes as well as frequency splitting among the g and p modes in frequency. Results. In the low-frequency regime, one series of prograde g modes and four series of retrograde r modes, were detected. The r modes are well-distributed with respect to the harmonics of the rotational frequency of the fast-rotating star f(rot) = 1.647 d(-1). The dominant g mode is f(2) = 2.37 d(-1). The strongest p mode is f(1) = 13.97 d(-1). We identified two multiplets of regularly split p modes with the mean values of 0.42 d(-1) and 1.65 d(-1). In addition, we also identified a few incidences of mode coupling (between f(1) and a g or r mode). Conclusions. We detected five series of retrograde r and prograde g modes as well as two multiplets of p modes with rotational frequency splitttings related to both components of KIC 8975515. We identified the fast-rotating component as a hybrid pulsator with r modes, and the slowly-rotating component as a delta Sct pulsator.
Why do users not report spear phishing emails?
TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS
Authors: Kwak, Youngsun; Lee, Seyoung; Damiano, Amanda; Vishwanath, Arun
Abstract
Cyber security training programs encourage users to report suspicious spear phishing emails, and most antiphishing software provide interfaces to assist in the reporting. Evidence, however, suggests that reporting is scarce. This research examined why this is the case. To this end, Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) was used to examine the influence of the triadic factors of perceived self-efficacy toward antiphishing behaviors, expected negative outcomes from reporting spear phishing emails, and cyber security self-monitoring, on individuals' likelihood of reporting spear phishing emails. Based on recent research on phishing victims, the present study also incorporated cyber risk beliefs (CRBs) into the SCT framework. The model, tested using survey data (N = 386), revealed that the likelihood of reporting spear phishing emails is increased by perceived self-efficacy, expected negative outcomes, and cyber security self-monitoring. Furthermore, the CRBs directly influenced the three SCT factors and indirectly the individuals' likelihood of reporting spear phishing emails. The findings add to our understanding of SCT and the science of cyber security.