General Description
Human BMP-2, also known as Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2, is a 396 amino acid cytokine protein implicated in the induction of cartilage and bone formation. The protein expressed from the BMP2 gene at locus 20p12 on chromosome 20 belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) superfamily. After initial translation of the peptide, it is subject to proteolytic processing and cleavage, which results in the separation of the 23 residue signal sequence from the 259 residue pro-peptide and 114 residue mature BMP-2 cytokine. The encoded protein acts as a disulfide-linked homodimer that interacts with SOSTDC1, GREM2, RGMA, RGMB, RGMC and ASPN. In terms of tissue specificity, the BMP-2 protein is particularly abundant in the lungs, spleen and colon and less abundant but still prevalent in the heart, brain, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidneys, pancreas, prostate, ovaries and small intestine.