Development of Polymeric Nanocomposite (Xyloglucan-co-Methacrylic Acid/Hydroxyapatite/SiO2) Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications-In-Vitro Antibacterial, Cytotoxicity and Cell Culture Evaluation
POLYMERS
Authors: Aslam Khan, Muhammad Umar; Mehboob, Hassan; Abd Razak, Saiful Izwan; Yahya, Mohd Yazid; Mohd Yusof, Abdul Halim; Ramlee, Muhammad Hanif; Sahaya Anand, T. Joseph; Hassan, Rozita; Aziz, Athar; Amin, Rashid
Abstract
Advancement and innovation in bone regeneration, specifically polymeric composite scaffolds, are of high significance for the treatment of bone defects. Xyloglucan (XG) is a polysaccharide biopolymer having a wide variety of regenerative tissue therapeutic applications due to its biocompatibility, in-vitro degradation and cytocompatibility. Current research is focused on the fabrication of polymeric bioactive scaffolds by freeze drying method for nanocomposite materials. The nanocomposite materials have been synthesized from free radical polymerization using n-SiO(2)and n-HAp XG and Methacrylic acid (MAAc). Functional group analysis, crystallinity and surface morphology were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. These bioactive polymeric scaffolds presented interconnected and well-organized porous morphology, controlled precisely by substantial ratios of n-SiO2. The swelling analysis was also performed in different media at varying temperatures (27, 37 and 47 degrees C) and the mechanical behavior of the dried scaffolds is also investigated. Antibacterial activities of these scaffolds were conducted against pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Besides, the biological behavior of these scaffolds was evaluated by the Neutral Red dye assay against theMC3T3-E1cell line. The scaffolds showed interesting properties for bone tissue engineering, including porosity with substantial mechanical strength, biodegradability, biocompatibility and cytocompatibility behavior. The reported polymeric bioactive scaffolds can be aspirant biomaterials for bone tissue engineering to regenerate defecated bone.
At most two limit cycles in a piecewise linear differential system with three zones and asymmetry
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
Authors: Chen, Hebai; Tang, Yilei
Abstract
We study a planar piecewise linear differential system with three zones and asymmetry <(x)over dot> = F(x)-y, <(y)over dot> = g(x), where xg(x) > 0 for x not equal 0 and the graph of F(x) is a U-shaped curve. The system was researched in Llibre et al. (2015) for its limit cycles. However, the number and hyperbolicity of limit cycles were still unclear in some parameter regions. We give the exact number of limit cycles and obtain the hyperbolicity of limit cycles in these parameter regions, where the maximum number is two. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.