Mouse Anti-HFE Hybridoma [2D4]

Simple Summary Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis characterized by the formation of tubercles in any organ or tissue. Bovine tuberculosis represents a significant veterinary and public health problem in many parts of the world. It is zoonotic, transmitted to humans through consumption of infected milk and other cattle products. Although many factors influence infection and progression of the disease, there must be an important host genetic component that explains why some animals get sick and others remain healty. We present evidence of genetic variants associated with resistance to tuberculosis in Mexican Holstein dairy cattle using a case-control approach with a selective DNA pooling. Here, we identified novel quantitative trait loci regions harboring genes involved in Mycobacterium spp. immune response. This is a first screening about resistance to tuberculosis infection on Mexican Holstein cattle based on a dense single nucleotide polymorphism chip. The identified genes belong to both, the already known, and the undisclosed quantitative trait loci regions. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of cattle that represents a risk to public health and causes severe economic losses to the livestock industry. Recently, genetic studies, like genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have greatly improved the investigation of complex diseases identifying thousands of disease-associated genomic variants. Here, we present evidence of genetic variants associated with resistance to TB in Mexican dairy cattle using a case-control approach with a selective DNA pooling experimental design. A total of 154 QTLRs (quantitative trait loci regions) at 10% PFP (proportion of false positives), 42 at 5% PFP and 5 at 1% PFP have been identified, which harbored 172 annotated genes. On BTA13, five new QTLRs were identified in the MACROD2 and KIF16B genes, supporting their involvement in resistance to bTB. Six QTLRs harbor seven annotated genes that have been previously reported as involved in immune response against Mycobacterium spp: BTA (Bos taurus autosome) 1 (CD80), BTA3 (CTSS), BTA 3 (FCGR1A), BTA 23 (HFE), BTA 25 (IL21R), and BTA 29 (ANO9 and SIGIRR). We identified novel QTLRs harboring genes involved in Mycobacterium spp. immune response. This is a first screening for resistance to TB infection on Mexican dairy cattle based on a dense SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) chip.

The study attempts to decipher saline water invasion and aided geochemical influences activated along the coastal zones of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. Total 76 groundwater samples representing pre- and post-monsoon seasons were collected and examined for various parameters like Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl-, HCO3-, NO(3)(-)and SO42-. Multiple techniques such as hydrochemical ionic changes, hydrochemical facies evolution model and seawater mixing index were incorporated to decipher the salinization process in the study area. Hydrochemical facies suggests 38.00% of groundwater samples representing CaHCO(3)facies indicating fresh groundwater, mixed Ca-Cl groundwater by 26.00% of samples and about 36.00% samples suggest Na-Cl indicating saline water. Hydrochemical facies evolution diagram differentiated groundwater facies into freshening and intrusion phase irrespective of seasons. About 23.60% and 21.00% of samples during pre- and post-monsoon suggest samples influenced by seawater intrusion. Hydrochemical ionic changes of samples signify the positive fraction of seawater in both seasons, which shows the mixing of fresh groundwater with saline water. The seawater mixing index confirms a greater percentage of samples during post-monsoon (42.00%) have been influenced by seawater with values greater than one. Principle component analysis extracted three factors with a total variance of 67.31% and 62.03% during pre- and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Factor 1 replicates the natural processes such as saline water intrusion and ion exchange, whereas factors 2 and 3 signify anthropogenic actions such as improper sewage disposal, use of fertilizers, domestic and industrial waste discharge influencing groundwater chemistry.