Anti-Acrolein monoclonal antibody, clone 7H8

In the last years, ionic liquids have been used as substitutes to common solvents since they combine good solubility properties with small vapor pressures. Herein, the Diels-Alder reactions of cyclopentadiene (CP) with acrolein, methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile in ionic liquids ([Emim][N(Tf)(2)]), ([Hbim][N(Tf)(2)]) and ([Bmim][OTf]) have been modeled with density functional theory to explore the effect of ionic liquids on the endo selectivity in the adducts. Besides the hydogen bonding interactions between the cation and the diene in all the structures, endo transition structures are slightly better stabilized than exo transition structures because of the favorable interactions between the H's of the CP ring and the O's of the [N(Tf)(2)](-) and [OTf](-) anions of the IL's. In this study, B3LYP/6-31 + G* and M06-2X/6-31 + G* calculations have demonstrated that endo selectivity in the Diels-Alder reactions can be achieved in the presence of ionic liquids in agreement with experiments. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Carbonyl-phenol adducts produced in the reactions of (E)-2-alkenals and (E,E)-2,4-alkadienals with phenolics were derivatized with methyl chloroformate and studied by gas chromatography mass spectrometry to create a database that could be employed for their detection in complex mixtures of lipids and phenolics, in particular reactions involving lipid hydroperoxides. The obtained results showed that hydroperoxides produced adducts derived from acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and 2-pentenal when the 13-hydroperoxide of methyl linolenate was used, and acrolein and 2-octenal when the 13-hydroperoxide of methyl linoleate was employed. On the contrary, adducts derived from (E,E)-2,4-alkadienals could not be detected in these mixtures. Although only two types of lipid -derived aldehydes have been studied, the obtained results support that this methodology can be extended to other lipid oxidation products and phenolics and employed to quantitatively determine carbonyl -phenol adduct content. Therefore, this methodology may constitute a powerful tool to investigate the formation of carbonyl -phenol adducts in complex systems.