Reproductive impairment and endocrine disruption in goldfish by feeding diets containing soybean meal
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE
Authors: Bagheri, Tahere; Imanpoor, Mohamad Reza; Jafari, Valiollah; Bennetau-Pelissero, Catherin
Abstract
A long-term feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the inclusion of soybean meal in diets for goldfish (Carassius auratus) on fish reproduction. In the present study, 20 weeks after hatching, goldfish with an initial average weight of 2 +/- 0.03 g (mean +/- SD) were divided into 12 groups (three tanks per dietary treatment) and fed 400 g kg(-1) crude protein diets. The four experimental diets were as follows: diet 1, fish meal (FM); diet 2,35% soybean meal (SBM35%); diet 3, 65% soybean meal (SBM65%); diet 4, 100% soybean meal (SBM100%). After feeding with experimental diets, the impact on reproduction was investigated. In both males and females, the plasma testosterone (T) was significantly decreased, while 17 beta-estradiol (E2) levels were significantly increased. Levels of 17 alpha, hydroxyprogesterone. (17-OH-P) did not differ as a result of soybean meal feeding in either males or females. The average number of eggs spawned and sperm quality were reduced on feeding with soybean inclusion. Histological examination showed impact on oocyte maturation progress and spermatogenesis process in female and male fish, respectively. In addition, feeding goldfish with soybean meal until maturation caused reduction in fertilization and hatching rates in parallel to increasing soybean meal inclusion. The results demonstrated that inclusion of soybean meal might cause sex hormone biosynthesis disruption and reproductive impairments in fish, ultimately decreased fertilization as well as hatching rates in the offspring. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of 17 Alpha-hydroxyprogesterone Caproate in the Management of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
Authors: Langen, Elizabeth S.; Sit, Anita; Sherwin, Katie; Lyell, Deirdre J.; Blumenfeld, Yair J.; El-Sayed, Yasser Y.
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate whether weekly administration of 17 -hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) increases the number of women who achieve 34 weeks of gestation after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Study Design We conducted a multicenter double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 17-OHPC versus placebo among women with PPROM. Women with singleton pregnancy, clinically confirmed PPROM, and without evidence of active infection or major fetal malformation between 24 (0/7) and 32 (0/7) weeks of pregnancy were offered enrollment. Women received weekly injections of 17-OHPC versus placebo until 34 (0/7) weeks of gestation or delivery. The remainder of care was per hospital protocol. The primary outcome was achievement of 34 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcomes included length of latency and maternal and fetal outcomes. Results In this study, 21 women were enrolled. Eleven women received placebo and 10 received 17-OHPC. The study was closed prematurely secondary to poor enrollment. None of the women remained pregnant until 34 weeks of gestation. The median latency periods were 8 and 14.5 days for the placebo and 17-OHPC groups, respectively ( p =0.14). There were no differences in maternal or neonatal outcomes. Conclusion We did not identify any benefit from administration of 17-OHPC in pregnancies complicated by PPROM.