High-throughput label-free detection of Ochratoxin A in wine using supported liquid membrane extraction and Ag-capped silicon nanopillar SERS substrates
FOOD CONTROL
Authors: Rostami, Simindokht; Zor, Kinga; Zhai, Demi Shuang; Viehrig, Marlitt; Morelli, Lidia; Mehdinia, Ali; Smedsgaard, Jorn; Rindzevicius, Tomas; Boisen, Anja
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, found in a variety of food sources and cause diseases and death in both humans and animals. On-site and easy to use detection would be significant improvement considering the currently used methods. We present an approach, based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), where label-free detection of Ochratoxin A (OTA) was achieved in a multiwell SERS detection on section platform. When quantifying OTA in wine samples the SERS-based detection was used in combination with high throughput supported liquid membrane (SLM) extraction. The obtained detection limit in white wine was 115 ppb and we found that the SERS-based quantification is comparable with LC-MS. However, we also found that the matrix effect from red wine was interfering with both SERS and LC-MS detection. The SLM-SERS method provides a time and cost effective approach for OTA detection, which is a clear advantage over other extraction and direct detection approaches.
Selection and Evaluation ofStaphylococcus xylosusas a Biocontrol Agent against Toxigenic Moulds in a Dry-Cured Ham Model System
MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Cebrian, Eva; Nunez, Felix; Galvez, Fernando J.; Delgado, Josue; Bermudez, Elena; Rodriguez, Mar
Abstract
Toxigenic moulds can develop on the surface of dry-cured meat products during ripening due to their ecological conditions, which constitutes a risk for consumers. A promising strategy to control this hazard is the use of antifungal microorganisms usually found in these foods. However, to date, the effectiveness of gram-positive catalase-positive cocci (GCC+) has not been explored. The aim of this work was to select GCC+ isolates with antifungal activity to study its effectiveness in a dry-cured ham model system at the environmental conditions reached during the ripening. Forty-five strains of GCC+ were evaluated and the isolateStaphylococcus xylosusSx8 was selected to assess its efficacy at two different concentrations (10(6)and 10(4)cfu/mL) againstPenicillium nordicum,Aspergillus flavus,Aspergillus parasiticus,andPenicillium griseofulvumat 15, 20, and 25 degrees C. The results showed that the inoculation of 10(6)cfu/mL ofS. xylosuscompletely inhibited the growth of most fungi. In addition, in the presence of this strain at 10(4)cfu/mL, a significant reduction in fungal growth and mycotoxins production was observed at the three temperatures studied. In conclusion,S. xylosusSx8 possesses great potential as a biological agent to control toxigenic moulds in dry-cured meat products.