Human EIF1 peptide

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 family genes (eIF1, eIF1A and eIF1B) play important roles in the 43S complex formation during the mRNA translation of protein synthesis. In particular, eIF1A is stabilizing the binding of Met-tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit, promoting the mRNA binding and preventing the premature association of the 40S ribosomal subunit to the 60S ribosomal subunit. eIF1 helps the mRNA scanning for the location recognition of the AUG initiation codon. However, little is known for another eIF1 family gene - eIF1B, especially in plants. In this work, we collected a high salt-tolerant grass Leymus chinensis (Trin.) as the object of our study. We cloned and sequenced the eIF1 family genes from this species. Based on the DNA sequence alignment and the analysis of existing sequences in NCBI's GenBank database, effective primer sets, specific for L. chinensis, were newly designed. Using these primer sets, the full-length cDNAs of corresponding eIF1 family genes were obtained, and we had submitted these sequencing results to NCBI's GenBank database. The basic local alignment search tool result showed that our sequences were highly identical to relevant existing eIF1 family genes in NCBI's GenBank database. Combined with existing sequence sources, we also constructed phylogenetic trees to further understand the relationship between eIF1 family genes of L. chinensis and other species. This work would provide more eIF1 sequence sources and will lay the foundations for studying and further understanding of the eIF1 gene functions in stress tolerance mechanisms.

Epigenetic reprogramming plays a pivotal role during embryogenesis, including both covalent and non-covalent modifications to chromatin. in this study, we investigated the role of SNF2 chromatin remodeling ATPases (SMARCA2 (previously known as BRAHMA), SMARCA4 (previously known as BRG1), SMARCA5 (previously known as SNF2H, SMARCA1 (previously known as SNF2L), CHD3, and CHD5) during porcine preimplantation embryonic development. Transcript levels for these ATPases change dynamically throughout development. We also investigated the effect of altering transcript levels of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 via mRNA injection. Overexpression of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 severely impaired embryo development. Results from these experiments show that embryos injected with SMARCA2 mRNA arrest between the four-cell and blastocyst stages. However, embryos injected with either wild-type SMARCA4 or a dominant negative variant or SMARCA4 arrest before zygotic genome activation. No differences in transcript abundance of SOX2, POU5F1, NANOG, and EIF1 (previously known as eIF1A) were detected after injection with SMARCA2 or its dominant negative variant at 48 h post-injection. Conversely, embryos injected with wild-type SMARCA4 and its dominant negative variant possessed altered expression of these genes. Examination of SNF2-type ATPase transcript abundance across all treatment groups revealed that only SMARCA1 was altered following injection with wild-type SMARCA2 and wild-type and dominant negative SMARCA4. We conclude that the arrest in porcine embryo development observed after injection is specific to the ATPase injected. Our data strongly support the hypothesis that SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 play different but fundamental roles controlling gene expression during early mammalian embryogenesis.