Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Genes Common to Cerebral Malaria and Neurodegenerative Disorders
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Authors: Cabantous, Sandrine; Doumbo, Ogobara; Poudiougou, Belco; Louis, Laurence; Barry, Abdoulaye; Oumar, Aboubacar A.; Traore, Abdoualye; Marquet, Sandrine; Dessein, Alain
Abstract
Cerebral malaria, a reversible encephalopathy affecting young children, is a medical emergency requiring urgent clinical assessment and treatment. We performed a whole-transcriptomic analysis of blood samples from Malian children with cerebral or uncomplicated malaria. We focused on transcripts from pathways for which dysfunction has been associated with neurodegenerative disorders. We found that SNCA, SIAH2, UBB, HSPA1A, TUBB2A, and PINK1 were upregulated (fold-increases, >= 2.6), whereas UBD and PSMC5 were downregulated (fold-decreases, <= 4.39) in children with cerebral malaria, compared with those with uncomplicated malaria. These findings provide the first evidence for pathogenic mechanisms common to human cerebral malaria and neurodegenerative disorders.
Control of thermally-activated building systems (TABS)
APPLIED ENERGY
Authors: Gwerder, M.; Lehmann, B.; Toedtli, J.; Dorer, V.; Renggli, F.
Abstract
Integrating the building structure to act as an energy-storage, thermally-activated building system (TABS) has proved to be energy efficient and economically viable for cooling and heating of buildings. However control has remained an issue to be improved. In this paper, a method is outlined allowing both for dimensioning and for automated control of TABS, with automatic switching between cooling/heating modes for variable comfort criteria. The method integrally considers both HVAC and building automation design aspects, as well as the fact that during design and operation heat-gains are unknown, but that bounds of them normally can be specified. This integral method is termed the Unknown-But-Bounded or UBB method. Applying the method guarantees that comfort can be maintained, as long as the actual heat-gains stay within the predefined range between the lower and upper bounds. The UBB method can also handle non-predictable day-to-day variations as well as room-to-room variations of the heat gains. The paper outlines the underlying thermal models and assumptions, and gives the procedure and an example for the application of the method. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.