Rat IL-10(Interleukin-10) ELISA Kit

Bench press (i.e. arm-based) and half-squat (i.e. leg-based) are exercises commonly used to increase and evaluate muscular strength. In addition to differences in the location of the muscles that participate in each exercise, the total muscle mass required for the latter is larger than that involved in the former. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of a maximal incremental strength test when performed by bench press and by half-squat on myocellular damage, oxidative damage and the inflammatory cytokine response. Ten male athletes were subjected to half-squat and bench press incremental strength tests. Blood samples were collected at rest, 15-minutes and 24 h post-test. Hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde concentrations were determined as lipid peroxidation markers. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) activities were determined as markers of muscle damage. alpha-Actin concentration was determined as a marker of sarcomeric damage. Serum interleukin (IL) 6, IL10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) were determined to assess the inflammatory response. LDH and CK-MB values were greater at 15 min and 24 h post bench press exercise (p < 0.05). No differences were found in lipid peroxidation or alpha-actin. Interestingly, IL10 values were greater in response to the press bench at 24 h post-test (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that, at equivalent workloads, an arm-based exercise induced higher anti-inflammatory effects and more severe muscle damage compared with a leg-based exercise.

Decrease in soluble anti-aging Klotho protein levels is associated to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diverse studies have shown a bidirectional relationship between Klotho and inflammation, a risk factor for the development of CVD. In this work we aimed to evaluate the association between Klotho and inflammatory cytokines levels in the context of human CVD. The study included 110 patients with established CVD and preserved renal function, and a control group of 22 individuals without previous history of cardiovascular events. Serum Klotho and IL10 levels were significantly lower in the CVD group. Inflammatory status, marked by the TNF alpha/IL10 ratio and the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, was significantly increased in the group of patients with established CVD. Soluble Klotho levels were directly correlated with eGFR (r=0.217) and IL10 (r=0.209) and inversely correlated with age (r=-0.261), CRP (r=-0.203), and TNF alpha/IL10 (r=-0.219). This association with TNF alpha/IL10 remained significant in age-matched subgroups. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) constituted risk factors for the presence of CVD, while Klotho was a protective factor. In conclusion, in patients with established CVD, the reduction in soluble Klotho is associated with a pro-inflammatory status marked by lower IL10 concentrations and higher TNF alpha/IL10 ratio and CRP levels.