PCP(m) [HRP]

Name: PCP(m) [HRP]
SKU: DAG1270
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

PCP(m), HRP-conjugated, synthetic

COA

SDS

Datasheet

Summary

Product Overview

PCP(m), HRP conjugate

Target

Phencyclidine

Nature

Synthetic

Tag/Conjugate

HRP

Format

Concentrate

Preservative

None

Storage

2-8°C short term, -20°C long term

Introduction

Phencyclidine, alsoknown as angel dust and myriad other street names, is a recreational,dissociative drug formerly used as an anesthetic agent, exhibitinghallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. Developed in Germany in 1926, it wasfirst patented in 1952 by the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company and marketedunder the brand name Sernyl. In chemical structure, PCP is anarylcyclohexylamine derivative, and, in pharmacology, it is a member of thefamily of dissociative anesthetics. PCP works primarily as an NMDA receptorantagonist, which blocks the activity of the NMDA receptor and, like mostantiglutamatergic hallucinogens, is significantly more dangerous than othercategories of hallucinogens. Other NMDA receptor antagonists includeketamine, tiletamine, dextromethorphan and nitrous oxide. Although theprimary psychoactive effects of the drug lasts for a few hours, the totalelimination rate from the body typically extends eight days or longer.As arecreational drug, PCP may be ingested, smoked, or snorted. Phencyclidine modulates secretogranin II[sg II] expression inprefrontal cortex tissue in the absence of afferent inputs. The nature ofthese changes is dependent upon the duration of exposure to and/or withdrawalfrom phencyclidine. It is used as an anesthetic by veterinarians and isillicitly taken for its hallucinogen effects.

Antigen Description

Phencyclidine, 1-phenylcyclohexylpiperidine, is also known as PCP and 'angel dust'. It is a synthetic drug developed in the 1950s as an anaesthetic and analgesic but was removed from the market due to its hallucinogenic properties and the unpredictable behavioural reactions, which occurred following anaesthesia. PCP is used by smoking with tobacco or marijuana, nasal insufflation (snorting), intravenous injection and oral ingestion. It is a drug of abuse due to its euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. However, these effects can get quite erratic, with violent or bizarre behaviour often occurring.

Keywords

PCP; Phenylcyclohexylpiperidine; PHENCYCLIDINE; Phencylidine; OTTHUMP00000109191; PEP19; Purkinje cell protein 4; Phencyclidine solution

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References

Expression of heat shock protein HSP-70 in the retrosplenial cortex of rat brain after administration of (R,S)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine, but not (R)-ketamine

PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR

Authors: Tian, Zheng; Dong, Chao; Fujita, Atsuhiro; Fujita, Yuko; Hashimoto, Kenji

Abstract

The N-methyl-n-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist (R,S)-ketamine has robust antidepressant effects in depressed patients although it has detrimental side effects such as psychotomimetic and dissociative symptoms. (R,S)-Ketamine is known to cause the expression of heat shock protein HSP-70 (a marker for neuronal injury) in the retrosplenial cortex of rat brain, suggesting that the neuropathological changes may play a role in the detrimental side effects of (R,S)-ketamine. This study was undertaken to examine whether (R,S)-ketamine and its two enantiomers, (R)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine, causes the expression of HSP-70 in the rat retrosplenial cortex after a single administration. The HSP-70 immunohistochemistry in the rat brain was performed 24 h after intraperitoneal administration of saline (1 ml/kg), (+)-MK-801 (or dizocilpine: 1.0 mg/kg), (R,S)-ketamine (100 mg/kg), (S)-ketamine (25, 50, or 75, mg/kg), or (R)-ketamine (25, 50, or 75 mg/kg). Marked expression of HSP-70 immunoreactivity in the retrosplenial cortex was detected after administration of dizocilpine or (R,S)ketamine (100 mg/kg). Higher does (50 and 75 mg/kg) of (S)-ketamine, but not low dose (25 mg/kg), caused expression of HSP-70 in this region. In contrast, all doses of (R)-ketamine did not induce the expression of HSP-70 in this region. These findings suggest that marked expression of HSP-70 in the retrosplenial cortex after a single dose of (R,S)-ketamine or (S)-ketamine may have detrimental side effects in the rat brain. Therefore, it is likely that (R)-ketamine is a safer compound in humans than (R,S)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine.

Methoxetamine, a novel psychoactive substance with serious adverse pharmacological effects: a review of case reports and preclinical findings

BEHAVIOURAL PHARMACOLOGY

Authors: Zanda, Mary T.; Fadda, Paola; Chiamulera, Cristiano; Fratta, Walter; Fattore, Liana

Abstract

An increasing number of novel psychoactive substances are currently available and sold as 'legal highs' or 'research chemicals' accompanied by the indication that they are 'not for human consumption'. Among those that have emerged in the last few years, methoxetamine (MXE) owes its wide popularity to its easy access on the Internet and its reputation of being a 'safe' drug. MXE is an arylcyclohexylamine with a chemical structure analogous to ketamine and phencyclidine, and similar noncompetitive glutamate N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonist properties. Yet, very recent preclinical data highlighted a stimulatory effect of MXE on dopamine neurotransmission within the mesolimbic pathway. The aim of this review is to provide an updated review of the behavioral and toxicological effects of MXE as well as the latest findings on its pharmacology that might explain sought effects and frequent occurrence of adverse effects. In light of the growing number of intoxications induced by MXE, knowledge of its short-term and long-term effects is urgently needed. However, the hypothetical rapid antidepressant activity of MXE suggested by its chemical analogy with ketamine and supported by recent preclinical findings deserves further investigation. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.