Probabilistic inference of Bayesian neural networks with generalized expectation propagation
NEUROCOMPUTING
Authors: Zhao, Jing; Liu, Xiao; He, Shaojie; Sun, Shiliang
Abstract
Deep learning plays an important role in the field of machine learning. However, deterministic methods such as neural networks cannot capture the model uncertainty. Bayesian neural network (BNN) are recently under consideration since Bayesian models provide a theoretical framework to infer model uncertainty. Since it is often difficult to find an analytical solution for BNNs, an effective and efficient approximate inference method is very important for model training and prediction. The generalized version of expectation propagation (GEP) was recently proposed and considered a powerful approximate inference method, which is based on the minimization of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence of the true posterior and the approximate distributions. In this paper, we further instantiate the GEP to provide an effective and efficient approximate inference method for BNNs. We assess this method on BNNs including fully connected neural networks and convolutional neural networks on multiple benchmark datasets and show a better performance than some state-of-the-art approximate inference methods. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis caused by a novel variant in the GALNT3 gene
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Mahjoubi, F.; Ghadir, M.; Samanian, S.; Heydari, I.; Honardoost, M.
Abstract
Aim Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by autosomal recessive variants in GALNT3, FGF23, and KL leading to progressive calcification of soft tissues and subsequent clinical effects. The aim of this was to study the cause of HFTC in an Iranian family. Patients and methods Four generations of a family with HFTC were studied for understanding the genetic pattern of the disease. Whole exome sequencing was applied on genomic DNA of the proband. Based on its result, genetically altered sequences were checked in his family through sanger sequencing. Then bioinformatics approaches as well as co-segregation analysis were applied to validate the genetic alteration. Results A novel homozygous variant in exon four of GALNT3, namely p.R261Q was found. The parents and sister were carriers. Conclusion To our knowledge, it is the first-reported Iranian family with GALNT3-CDG novel variant.