Interleukin polymorphisms associated with overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer patients
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
Authors: Woods, Nicholas T.; Monteiro, Alvaro N.; Thompson, Zachary J.; Amankwah, Ernest K.; Naas, Nina; Haura, Eric B.; Beg, Amer A.; Schabath, Matthew B.
Abstract
Biomarkers based on germline DNA variations could have translational implications by identifying prognostic factors and sub-classifying patients to tailored, patient-specific treatment. To investigate the association between germline variations in interleukin (IL) genes and lung cancer outcomes, we genotyped 251 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 33 different IL genes in 651 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Analyses were performed to investigate overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence. Our analyses revealed 24 different IL SNPs significantly associated with one or more of the lung cancer outcomes of interest. The GG genotype of IL16:rs7170924 was significantly associated with disease-free survival (HR=0.65; 95% CI 0.50-0.83) and was the only SNP that produced a false discovery rate (FDR) of modest confidence that the association is unlikely to represent a false-positive result (FDR=0.142). Classification and regression tree (CART) analyses were used to identify potential higher-order interactions. We restricted the CART analyses to the five SNPs that were significantly associated with multiple endpoints (IL1A:rs1800587, IL1B:rs1143634, IL8:s12506479, IL12A:rs662959, and IL13:rs1881457) and IL16:rs7170924 which had the lowest FDR. CART analyses did not yield a tree structure for overall survival; separate CART tree structures were identified for recurrence, based on three SNPs (IL13:rs1881457, IL1B:rs1143634, and IL12A:rs662959), and for disease-free survival, based on two SNPs (IL12A:rs662959 and IL16:rs7170924), which may suggest that these candidate IL SNPs have a specific impact on lung cancer progression and recurrence. These data suggest that germline variations in IL genes are associated with clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cyto/chemokine profile of in vitro scratched keratinocyte model: Implications of significant upregulation of CCL20, CXCL8 and IL36G in Koebner phenomenon
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Furue, Kazuhisa; Ito, Takamichi; Tanaka, Yuka; Yumine, Ayako; Hashimoto-Hachiya, Akiko; Takemura, Masaki; Murata, Maho; Yamamura, Kazuhiko; Tsuji, Gaku; Furue, Masutaka
Abstract
Background: Scratch injury induces Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis. Smoking is also a risk factor for psoriasis. Keratinocytes can produce various psoriasis-related molecules including TNF, IL1A, IL1B, 1L6, IL12B, ILI7C, IL23 A, IL36 A, IL36B, IL36G, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL20, IFNB, and CAMP. However, the scratch-induced molecular profiling remains elusive. Objective: To profile the induction pattern of above-mentioned psoriasis-related and keratinocyte-derived molecules by scratch injury in the presence or absence of anti-psoriatic drugs or benzo[a]pyrene, a major environmental pollutant of tobacco smoke. Methods: Confluent normal human keratinocytes were scratched and molecules were assayed by qRT-PCR, ELISA and Western blotting with or without drugs and benzo[a]pyrene. Results: Among the 18 molecules, the scratch injury on a confluent keratinocyte sheet significantly and selectively upregulated the mRNA expression of four cyto/chemokines, CXCL8, CCL20, IL36G, and TNF, in a scratch-line-number-dependent manner under either low- or high-calcium condition. However, significant protein secretion was only demonstrated for CXCL8 and CCL20. The IL36 G protein was not secreted, but its intracellular level was significantly upregulated by scratch injury, whereas neither the secretion nor the intracellular level of TNF protein was affected by scratch injury. Dexamethasone, but not maxacalcitol nor the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast, partially inhibited the CXCL8 and CCL20 secretion. Benzo[a]pyrene significantly and synergistically enhanced the scratch-induced CCL20 secretion that may explain why smoking is a risk factor for psoriasis. Conclusion: CCL20 and to a less extent CXCL8 may play a key role in triggering the Koebner phenomenon after scratch injury to keratinocytes. (C) 2019 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.