JRII special sonic anemometer study: A first comparison of building wakes measurements with different levels of numerical modelling approaches
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Carissimo, B.; Castelli, S. Trini; Tinarelli, G.
Abstract
After the summer 2015 chlorine releases during the Jack Rabbit II field experiment at Dugway Proving Ground, a special sonic anemometer study was carried out in October 2015 and March 2016. The goal was to provide documented wind fields in similar conditions to the actual releases and to study building wakes without risk for the instruments. This study included 30 sonic anemometers that were placed around these "buildings" to best capture the recirculating regions. Building wakes are important for the dispersion of pollutants in cities and around industrial plants and therefore we have selected two time periods during March 2016, in order to present model to model and model to data comparisons. There are four models involved in the comparison ranging from a diagnostic wind model with wake parameterization and Lagrangian particle dispersion and a CFD model with a k-epsilon turbulence closure and solving the Eulerian dispersion equation. Detailed comparisons are carried out for the wind speed and for the turbulence level. Six virtual releases are added in the simulations to investigate how the wake resolving method can affect the dispersion. For the wind speed comparison, the models give fair to good comparison with the sonic measurements. However, for the turbulence comparison the results clearly show a need for improvement, even for the k-epsilon closure, which still provides the best results. For the concentrations, for which there is no corresponding measurements, we find that the simulations are much closer than for the turbulence comparison.
Experimental Analysis and CFD Modeling for Conventional Basin-Type Solar Still
ENERGIES
Authors: El-Sebaey, Mahmoud S.; Ellman, Asko; Hegazy, Ahmed; Ghonim, Tarek
Abstract
With the rising population, environmental pollution, and social development, potable water is reducing and being contaminated day by day continually. Thus, several researchers have focused their studies on seas and oceans in order to get potable fresh water by desalination of their saltwater. Solar still of basin type is one of the available technologies to purify water because of free solar energy. The computational fluid dynamic CFD model of the solar still can significantly improve means for optimization of the solar still structure because it reduces the need for conducting large amount of experiments. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is presenting a multi-phase, three-dimensional CFD model, which predicts the performance of the solar still without using any experimental measurements, depending on the CFD solar radiation model. Simulated results are compared with experimental values of water and glass cover temperatures and yield of fresh water in climate conditions of Sheben El-Kom, Egypt (latitude 30.5 degrees N and longitude 31.01 degrees E). The simulation results were found to be in acceptable agreement with the experimental measured data. The results indicated that the daily simulated and experimental accumulated productivities of the single-slope solar still were found to be 1.982 and 1.785 L/m(2) at a water depth of 2 cm. In addition, the simulated and experimental daily efficiency were around 16.79% and 15.5%, respectively, for the tested water depth.