Anti-HEXA (full length) polyclonal antibody

The species diversity of silicon (including traditional tetrahedral coordinated silicon and hypervalent penta- and hexa-coordinate silicon) gives rise to the structural richness and diverse properties of silicates. Among these silicon species, hypervalent silicon is very rare, not to mention almost unexplored mixed-anion hypervalent fluoroxosilicate species. In this work, we successfully obtained a mixed-anion fluorooxosilicophosphate Na4Si2PO4F9 consisting of two uncommon hypervalent fluoroxosilicate species, namely, trans-SiO2F4 species and SiOF5 species. To the best of our knowledge, such hypervalent silicon species are reported for the first time in inorganic compounds. Remarkably, the coexistence of two distinct hypervalent fluoroxosilicate species in one compound is somewhat conflicted with Pauling's parsimony rule, but it indeed achieves an unlikely connection by PO4 and our phonon dispersion calculation confirms the structure stability of Na4Si2PO4F9. Temperature-dependent conductivity measurements show that Na4Si2PO4F9 is a promising solid ionic conductor with a high conductivity of 4.0x10(-5) S.cm(-1) at 700 K and a low active energy of about 53.1 KJ center dot mol(-1). This work will enrich the structure chemistry of silicates and may provide a new platform for solid ionic batteries.

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is one of the common Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria accounting for a variety of infectious diseases. Currently, there is no commercial vaccine for GAS. To develop efficient GAS vaccines, synthetic tri-, hexa-, and nonasaccharides of a conserved group A carbohydrate (GAC) were conjugated with an inactive mutant of group A streptococcal CSa peptidase (ScpA), ScpA193, to create bivalent conjugate vaccines, which were compared with the corresponding CRM197 and TT conjugates. Systematic evaluations of these semisynthetic conjugates demonstrated that they could induce robust and comparable T-cell-dependent immune responses in mice. It was further disclosed that antibodies provoked by the ScpA193 conjugates, especially that of hexa- and nonasaccharides, could recognize and bind to GAS cells and mediate GAS opsonophagocytosis in vitro. In vivo evaluations of the hexa- and nonasaccharide-ScpA193 conjugates using a mouse model revealed that immunizing mice with especially the latter conjugate could effectively protect the animals from GAS challenges and GAS-induced pulmonary damage and significantly increase animal survival. Further in vitro studies suggested that the two ScpA193 conjugates could function through activating CD4(+) T cells and promoting helper T cells (Th) to differentiate into antigen-specific Thl and Th2 cells. In conclusion, the nonasaccharide-ScpA193 conjugate was identified as a particularly promising GAS vaccine candidate that is worthy of further investigation and development.