Presence and release of SR-17 (chromogranin B586-602) in the porcine splenic nerve and its enzymatic degradation by CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV
REGULATORY PEPTIDES
Authors: Depreitere, J; Durinx, C; Wang, ZS; Coen, E; Lambeir, AM; Scharpe, S; De Potter, W; Nouwen, EJ
Abstract
Using the pig splenic nerve as a model, we investigated the proteolytic processing of porcine chromogranin B (CgB) during its axonal transport. An ELISA was developed for SR-17 (CgB(586-602)), a novel CgB-derived peptide, originally found in the adrenal medulla. The results demonstrate that CgB is processed in an early stage during its axonal transport. Immunohistochemical data, based on a rabbit anti-SR-17 antiserum, show that the spleen CgB/SR-17 is exclusively present in the nerve endings. No SR-17 immunoreactivity (IR) was found in splenocytes. We also provide evidence that SR-17 is co-released with noradrenaline (NA) upon electrical stimulation of the splenic nerve. Its release is frequency-dependent and strongly enhanced in the presence of the alpha-blocking agent phentolamine. In addition, we show that the new CgB-peptide can serve as a substrate for the lymphocyte surface glycoprotein CD26, also known as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), generating a new peptide ER-15 (CgB(588-602)). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
JASPAR: an open-access database for eukaryotic transcription factor binding profiles
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
Authors: Sandelin, A; Alkema, W; Engstrom, P; Wasserman, WW; Lenhard, B
Abstract
The analysis of regulatory regions in genome sequences is strongly based on the detection of potential transcription factor binding sites. The preferred models for representation of transcription factor binding specificity have been termed position-specific scoring matrices. JASPAR is an open-access database of annotated, high-quality, matrix-based transcription factor binding site profiles for multicellular eukaryotes. The profiles were derived exclusively from sets of nucleotide sequences experimentally demonstrated to bind transcription factors. The database is complemented by a web interface for browsing, searching and subset selection, an online sequence analysis utility and a suite of programming tools for genomewide and comparative genomic analysis of regulatory regions. JASPAR is available at http://jaspar. cgb.ki.se.