Anti-CPOX (aa 139-393) polyclonal antibody

Collecting spatially resolved gas-phase concentration profiles in catalytic monoliths by applying suction probe techniques has become an important tool for understanding the reaction sequence and for optimizing the design of structured catalysts. Here, the significance of the probing technique' simpact on the measured data is investigated by means of CFD simulations and experimental investigation of catalytic partial oxidation of CH4 on a Rh-coated honeycomb catalyst. Different positions of a suction probe (diameter = 170 mu m) inside a rectangular channel ( height = 795 mu m) of a monolith are compared with respect to the influence on flow field, residence time, and reaction progress. The influence of the probe on the measured data is shown to strongly depend on its position. The maximum error can be over 50% with respect to the residence time. For an isothermal process, the error in the concentration profiles can be corrected by using a function which is only dependent on the geometrical structure of the monolith. However, for a process with a temperature gradient along the catalytic channel, such as CPOX of methane, the correction function is not applicable. An appropriate comparison of experiments and simulations requires a three-dimensional CFD simulation taking the probe into account. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the thermodynamic yields for a direct internal methane catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) in a molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC), operating with or without a cogeneration bottoming cycle. The influence of several operating parameters on the mass and energy balances of a 10 kW power plant has been investigated by using a mathematical model. The temperature, the methane inlet how, the fuel utilisation coefficient, the electrical power and the useful heat fraction have been found to be relevant parameters to investigate the behaviour of the system. The examination of the results shows that the highest generated electrical power corresponds to a fuel utilisation coefficient of 80%, with a very appreciable methane conversion. The electrical efficiency obtained for the examined system is lower than that from a direct methane steam reforming monocell (DIR-MCFC), but the exhaust gas composition seems to be usefully adoptable for the production of organic compounds. The overall system efficiency strongly improves if the thermal energy available is fully or partially recovered. In these cases, the theoretical energy efficiency ranges from 100% to 54.9%. All the evidence indicates that this system appears very flexible for applications in plants for the production of syngas for CH3OH or NH3 sintesys where the electricity is a by-product. These interesting opportunities require a further investigation on some detrimental aspects that could affect the methane CPOX fuelled MCFC. (C) 1999 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.