Child psychiatry interventions in patients with 22q11 deletion syndrome: From treatment to prevention
ENCEPHALE-REVUE DE PSYCHIATRIE CLINIQUE BIOLOGIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE
Authors: Novo, A.; Woestelandt, L.; Rousselot-Pailley, B.; Leitgel, M.; Eutrope, J.; Rio, M.; Lyonnet, S.; Robel, L.
Abstract
22q11.2DS is one of the more frequent genetic syndromes associated to psychiatric symptoms. It has been associated to an increased risk to develop schizophrenia in adolescence or early adulthood. However, psychiatric symptoms appear early on, and should be recognized as soon as possible by child psychiatrists in order to improve the present well-being of children and their family, and to prevent further risks of developing severe and chronic psychiatric diseases later on. In this paper, we present a review of the recent literature concerning the 22q11.2DS syndrome focused on the risk factors that may be associated to an increased risk of psychotic transition. We advocate for the development of systematic specialized child psychiatry consultations for these patients, included in networks with geneticists, adult psychiatrists, and family associations, in order to improve their psychiatric prognosis and to support the development of translational research. (C) 2018 L'Encephale, Paris.
Genetic variation of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in non-cranial-irradiated pediatric patients using a candidate gene approach: The International PanCareLIFE Study
PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL
Authors: Clemens, Eva; Broer, Linda; Langer, Thorsten; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; de Vries, Andrica C. H.; van Grotel, Martine; Pluijm, Saskia F. M.; Binder, Harald; Byrne, Julianne; Broeder, Eline van Dulmen-den; Crocco, Marco; Grabow, Desiree; Kaatsch, Peter; Kaiser, Melanie; Kenborg, Line; Winther, Jeanette F.; Rechnitzer, Catherine; Hasle, Henrik; Kepak, Tomas; van der Kooi, Anne-Lotte F.; Kremer, Leontien C.; Kruseova, Jarmila; Kuehni, Claudia E.; van der Pal, Heleen; Parfitt, Ross; Deuster, Dirk; Matulat, Peter; Spix, Claudia; Tillmanns, Amelie; Tissing, Wim J. E.; Maier, Lara; Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, Antoinette; Zolk, Oliver; van den Heuvel-eibrink, Marry M.
Abstract
Ototoxicity is a common side effect of platinum treatment and manifests as irreversible, high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Genetic association studies have suggested a role for SNPs in genes related to the disposition of cisplatin or deafness. In this study, 429 pediatric patients that were treated with cisplatin were genotyped for 10 candidate SNPs. Logistic regression analyses revealed that younger age at treatment (<= 5 years vs >15 years: OR: 9.1; 95% CI: 3.8-21.5; P = 5.6 x 10(-7)) and higher cumulative dose of cisplatin (>450 vs <= 300 mg/m(2): OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3-4.6; P = 0.007) confer a significant risk of ototoxicity. Of the SNPs investigated, none of them were significantly associated with an increase of ototoxicity. In the meta-analysis, ACYP2 rs1872328 (OR: 3.94; 95% CI: 1.04-14.03; P = 0.04) and SLC22A2 rs316019 (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.07-2.00; P = 0.02) were associated with ototoxicity. In order to increase the understanding of the association between SNPs and ototoxicity, we propose a polygenic model, which takes into account multiple interacting genes of the cisplatin pathway that together confer an increased risk of ototoxicity.