General Description
Carnation necrotic fleck virus (CNFV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Closteroviridae. The virus causes greyish-white or reddish-purple necrotic flecks, streaks or spots on leaves and stems, with yellowing and complete necrosis on older leaves. Symptoms are milder on younger leaves. Flowers generally do not show symptoms, but owing to the severity of symptoms on leaves and stems, flowers from infected plants are of poor quality and mostly unmarketable. Symptoms can vary according to cultivar and, at least in the Mediterranean area, are particularly severe in spring on young plants. In many cultivars infection can be almost symptomless, especially under cool conditions. Symptoms are greatly increased by mixed infection with other viruses, particularly with carnation mottle carmovirus (Inouye, 1974; Smookler and Loebenstein, 1974; Poupet et al., 1975; Mayhew, 1979; Poncet and Devergne, 1988).