Anti-CERV polyclonal antibody

India is gracefully paving its path to emerge as a significant player of the world floriculture trade and a new floral superpower of the future. Floriculture is an industry which has tremendous potential in India. The different types of climatic conditions provide for the possibility of growing almost all the major cut flower species of the world, either from tropical, subtropical or temperate climates. Viruses, viroids and phytoplasma are persistent threats to the propagation of ornamental crops. Vegetative propagation, changed cultural practices, international trade practices, and movement of planting material to newer areas with different climate leads to spread of pathogens and disease outbreaks. To combat viral diseases it is important to diagnose the viruses efficiently and effectively. Advances in molecular techniques have evolved immensely leading to reliable detection of these pathogens. At IHBT about 25 viruses have been detected from floricultural crops by electron microscopy, immunosorbent electron microscopy, ELISA, PCR/RT-PCR/IC-RT-PCR and nucleic acid hybridization. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies against several of these viruses have been developed using coat protein genes expressed in E. coli. RT-PCR has been standardized for detection of ArMV and SLRSV in their nematode vectors. Complete genomes of CMV, CarMV, CERV, CVB, CymMV, LSV and Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) have been characterized. In vitro techniques have been standardized to produce virus-tested ornamental crops. The planting material are generated and provided to the growers. Farmers and NGO' are being trained for production and maintenance of virus-free quality planting material. IHBT is an accredited lab under the National Certification System of the Indian Department of Biotechnology for tissue culture raised plants. Recently focus is being given to the study of host pathogen interaction, transcriptomics, development of cDNA chips, biosensors and understanding the role of viral suppressor molecules in disease management. This paper describes the current research status and future prospects of viral disease management in floricultural crops.

CERV-PTSD is a randomized controlled trial of two of the most effective treatments for PTSD, Prolonged Exposure (PE) and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT). Despite solid evidence that both treatments are effective, there is limited evidence about their effectiveness relative to one another. The primary objective is to compare the effectiveness of PE and CPT for reducing PTSD symptom severity in a healthcare system that offers both treatments.The secondary objective is to compare the effectiveness of PE and CPT for reducing the severity of comorbid mental health problems and service utilization as well as improving functioning and quality of life. The tertiary objective is to examine whether discrepancy between patient preferences and treatment assignment reduces the effectiveness of each treatment. Exploratory analyses will examine whether demographic and clinical characteristics predict differential response to PE and CPT. The study is designed to randomize 900 male and female veterans with PTSD due to any traumatic military event to receive PE or CPT. The standard dose of treatment is 12 weekly sessions but veterans who improve more rapidly may finish in fewer sessions and veterans who improve more slowly may have additional sessions. The primary outcome is improvement in PTSD symptoms, measured during and after treatment and then 3 and 6 months later. As a large multi-site trial with men and women, CERV-PTSD is designed to advance the delivery of care for PTSD by providing conclusive information about whether one treatment is better than the other,, overall, and for different types of patients. Published by Elsevier Inc.