Anti-XRCC1 monoclonal antibody, clone TQN438

Different types of DNA damages caused by ionizing radiation may enhance the cancer risk in exposed individuals. Inherited variations in DNA repair genes cause the inter-individual variability in response to ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of two important DNA repair genes (XRCC1 R399Q and XRCC3 T241M) and the level of DNA damage investigated by micronucleus (MN) frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 120 industrial radiographers (IR) and 120 non-exposed control individuals. The frequencies of MN and nucleoplasmic bridges were significantly higher in the IR group than in the control group (33.83 +/- 11.96 vs. 7.47 +/- 2.96, p<0.0001 and 1.69 +/- 1.86 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.33, p<0.0001). MN frequencies in the IR group were associated with the cumulative radiation doses (p<0.0001, r=0.58 for last 1year of exposure and p<0.0001, r=0.67 for last 5years of exposure). Polymorphism of XRCC3 T241M was associated with higher MN frequencies in the IR group. However, the same result was not observed between XRCC3 SNP and MN frequency in the control group. Consequently, XRCC3 241Met alleles may cause the increased DNA damage in the industrial radiographers.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) causes about 3.3 million deaths around the world each year. It is the primary risk factor for the global burden of diseases in American countries. Long-term abuse of alcohol induces numerous molecular and biochemical changes in tissues exposed to alcohol. The toxic effects of alcohol are mediated by DNA damage through various mechanisms, such as induction of oxidative damage, DNA adducts, crosslinks, and DNA strand breaks. The main aim of the current study was to compare the frequency of SNP polymorphisms in XRCC1 (rs7997782) and GSTP1 (rs1695) genes involved in DNA repair of single strand breaks (SSB) and xenobiotic detoxification between alcohol addicts and a control group comprised of non-drinkers. Genetic polymorphisms were identified following allelic specific PCR designed to generate the amplicons containing the variants. Then amplicons were sequenced, and sequences were aligned against the human genome reference deposited in GenBank using the CLC Sequence Viewer software (version 7.6.1). The GG homozygotes in rs1695 (GSTP1) were significantly (p = 0.023) 3.8x more frequent among those with AUD when compared to the control group. No SNP variation was observed in rs7997782 (XRCC1). rs1695 variant has been associated with susceptibility to various diseases, including those related to alcohol consumption.