Tomato pomace extract and organic peppermint essential oil as effective sodium nitrite replacement in cooked pork sausages
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Authors: Sojic, Branislav; Pavlic, Branimir; Tomovic, Vladimir; Kocic-Tanackov, Suncica; Durovic, Sasa; Zekovic, Zoran; Belovic, Miona; Torbica, Aleksandra; Jokanovic, Marija; Uromovic, Nebojsa; Vujadinovic, Dragan; Ivic, Maja; Skaljac, Snezana
Abstract
The effect of supercritical fluid extract of tomato pomace (TP) and essential oil of organic peppermint (PM) on pH, color, residual nitrite content, lipid oxidation (TBARS value) and total plate count (TPC) of cooked pork sausages produced with 50 mg/kg of sodium nitrite was investigated. Five batches were produced: T1: 100 mgkg of sodium nitrite; T2: 50 mg of sodium nitrite; T3: 50 mg of sodium nitrite and 0.150 mu L/g TP; T4: 50 mg of sodium nitrite, 0.075 mu L/g TP and 0.075 mu L/g PM; T5: 50 mg of sodium nitrite and 0.150 mu L/g PM. The lowest residual nitrite content and TBARS value were observed in treatment T4. The inclusion of TP increased redness of cooked pork sausages. TPC was the lowest in treatment T5. The results of this study showed that the addition of TP and PM enhanced quality of cooked sausages produced with reduced level of sodium nitrite.
No change in the consumption of thyroid hormones after starting low dose naltrexone (LDN): a quasi-experimental before-after study
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
Authors: Raknes, Guttorm; Smabrekke, Lars
Abstract
Background Low dose naltrexone (LDN) is reported to have beneficial effects in several autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine whether starting LDN was followed by changes in the dispensing of thyroid hormones to patients with hypothyroidism. Methods We performed a quasi-experimental before-after study based on the Norwegian Prescription Database. Study participants were identified by using reimbursement codes for hypothyroidism. Cumulative dispensed Defined Daily Doses and the number of users of triiodothyronine (T3) and levothyroxine (LT4) 1 year before and after the first LDN prescription was compared in three groups based on LDN exposure. Results We identified 898 patients that met the inclusion criteria. There was no association between starting LDN and the subsequent dispensing of thyroid hormones. If anything, there was a tendency towards increasing LT4 consumption with increasing LDN exposure. Conclusion The results of this study do not support claims of efficacy of LDN in hypothyroidism.