Anti-MRAS monoclonal antibody, clone FQS23568

The purpose of this study was to outline lower leg vessel anatomy and to investigate reliability and limitations of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in patients proposed for microvascular fibula transplantation (free fibula flap (FFF)). We retrospectively investigated MRAs of 99 patients considered for FFF. Frontal MRA planes and maximal intensity projections (MIPs) were evaluated for fibula lengths, anatomical branching pattern, arterial stenoses and fibular perforator positions in both legs (n = 198). Normal branching patterns were observed in 168 (85.3%) legs. Twenty-nine (14.7%) legs presented abnormal branching patterns. Once (0.5%) the anterior, 19 times (9.6%) the posterior tibial artery were absent or hypoplastic. Nine (4.6%) lower legs presented an arteria peronea magna. Average length of the tibiofibular trunk (TFT) was 3.3 +/- 0.15 cm. A total of 492 perforators were found with an average of 2.5 (+/- 0.82 +/- 0.99) perforators per leg. A mapping of perforator run-offs was illustrated true to scale. Lower limb stenoses were distributed in the anterior tibial artery (14.1%), in the posterior tibial artery (11.1%) and in the fibular artery (8.1%). Smoking (P = 0.828), diabetes (P = 0.727) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (P = 0.172) did not correlate with presence of stenoses. Preoperative lower limb angiography avoids postoperative complications. MRA reliably and non-invasively identifies anatomical variants and arterial stenoses without radiation. Illustration of perforator run-offs enhances incision planning for fibula harvest.

In this paper two control system proposed and then applied for a DFIG by variable speed wind turbine under unbalanced grid voltage. In this control system the rotor position sensor is eliminated by using two methods for detecting the rotor position. Also, presents an analysis and comparison study of two sensorless methods for the detection of rotor position of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). These two methods were compared with each other under different condition i.e. various unbalanced voltage, super -synchronous, sub -synchronous and variable speed and in the end, Advantage of any of the methods is expressed. The two methods studied in this paper for rotor position estimation, are rotor current model reference adaptive system (MRAS) and using of a sensorless strategy. Both methods obtained required information for rotor position estimation by measuring stator voltage, stator and rotor current. Till now, has not been used from sensorless algorithms and MRAS observer for DFIGs control when the network voltage is unbalanced. Also, during network unbalance, three selectable control targets are identified for the rotor side converter (RSC), i.e. obtaining sinusoidal and symmetrical stator currents, mitigation of active and reactive powers ripples and the cancellation of electromagnetic torque oscillations. A case study on a typical 2 MW DFIG based wind turbine demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed control methods is verified with simulations in Matlab/Simulink.