Anti-LAT monoclonal antibody, clone MBU.21-28 (21-28) [APC]

Exogenous sources of amino acids are essential nutrients to fuel cancer growth. Here, the increased demand for amino acid displayed by cancer cells is unconventionally exploited as a design principle to replete cancer cells with apoptosis inducing nanoscopic porous amino acid mimics (Nano-PAAM). A small library consisting of nine essential amino acids nanoconjugates (30 nm) are synthesized, and the in vitro anticancer activity is evaluated. Among the Nano-PAAMs,l-phenylalanine functionalized Nano-PAAM (Nano-pPAAM) has emerged as a novel nanotherapeutics with excellent intrinsic anticancer and cancer-selective properties. The therapeutic efficacy of Nano-pPAAM against a panel of human breast, gastric, and skin cancer cells could be ascribed to the specific targeting of the overexpressed human large neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A5 (LAT-1) in cancer cells, and its intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing properties of the nanoporous core. At the mechanistic level, it is revealed that Nano-pPAAM could activate both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways to exert a potent "double-whammy" anticancer effect. The potential clinical utility of Nano-pPAAM is further investigated using an MDA-MB-231 xenograft in NOD scid gamma mice, where an overall suppression of tumor growth by 60% is achieved without the aid of any drugs or application of external stimuli.

We reveal that the energy spectra of electrons-positrons in primary cosmic rays measured at atmosphere tops have double structures: an excess component Phi(s)(e+)(E) = Phi(s)(e-)(E) around 400 GeV, which originates from a strong e(+)e(-)-source. and the distorted background Fe-(E)0. We supposed that the difference between AMS-CALET and Fermi-LAT-DAMPE data originates from the energy loss of the fluxes due to the anomalous bremsstrahlung effect at a special window. The evolution of spectra under the anomalous bremsstrahlung effect satisfies an improved electromagnetic cascade equation. The above spectra are parameterized and they can be used for further physics studies. We suggest checking previous applications of the Bethe-Heitler formula when studying the propagation of high-energy electrons and photons.