Genomic organization and assignment of the interleukin 7 gene (IL7) to porcine chromosome 4q11 -> q13 by FISH and by analysis of radiation hybrid panels
CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS
Authors: Uenishi, H; Hiraiwa, H; Sawazaki, T; Kiuchi, S; Yasue, H
Abstract
Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a cytokine that has many immunological functions, including regulation of hematopoiesis and peripheral lymphocytes. cDNA and a genomic DNA segment containing the porcine IL7 gene were isolated and sequenced, showing that porcine IL7 consists of 176 amino acids and that its gene spans over about 13 kb of genomic DNA. Porcine IL7 has 85% and 73% homology with human IL7 in terms of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. Whereas the murine IL7 gene does not have an exon corresponding to human exon 5 (Lupton et al., 1990), the porcine IL7 gene was found to contain the same exon-intron structure as the human gene. These findings, together with the upstream structure of the cDNA elucidated in the present study, indicate that the relationship between swine and human IL7 is closer than that between mouse and human IL7. The IL7 gene was mapped to swine chromosome 4q11 --> q13 by fluorescence in situ hybridization and, using a radiation hybrid panel, was localized between microsatellite markers Sw 1336 and Sw 1073 on the same chromosome. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Uncovering tomato quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for fruit cuticular lipid composition using the Solanum pennellii introgression line population
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Authors: Fernandez-Moreno, Josefina-Patricia; Levy-Samoha, Dorit; Malitsky, Sergey; Monforte, Antonio J.; Orzaez, Diego; Aharoni, Asaph; Granell, Antonio
Abstract
The cuticle is a specialized cell wall layer that covers the outermost surface of the epidermal cells and has important implications for fruit permeability and pathogen susceptibility. In order to decipher the genetic control of tomato fruit cuticle composition, an introgression line (IL) population derived from a biparental cross between Solanum pennellii (LA0716) and the Solanum lycopersicum cultivar M82 was used to build a first map of associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A total of 24 cuticular waxes and 26 cutin monomers were determined. They showed changes associated with 18 genomic regions distributed in nine chromosomes affecting 19 ILs. Out of the five main fruit cuticular components described for the wild species S. pennellii, three of them were associated with IL3.4, IL12.1, and IL7.4.1, causing an increase in n-alkanes (>= C-30), a decrease in amyrin content, and a decrease in cuticle thickness of similar to 50%, respectively. Moreover, we also found a QTL associated with increased levels of amyrins in IL3.4. In addition, we propose some candidate genes on the basis of their differential gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphism variability between the introgressed and the recurrent alleles, which will be the subjects of further investigation.