Interleukin 12 (IL12B), interleukin 12 receptor (IL12RB1) and interleukin 23 (IL23A) gene polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus
RHEUMATOLOGY
Authors: Sanchez, E; Morales, S; Paco, L; Lopez-Nevot, MA; Hidalgo, C; Jimenez-Alonso, J; Torres, B; Gonzalez-Gay, MA; Callejas, JL; Ortego-Centeno, N; Sanchez-Roman, J; Gonzalez-Escribano, MF; Martin, J
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between the interleukin-12B (IL12B) and interleukin-12 receptor beta 1 (IL12RB1) gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, we have undertaken a systematic search for genetic variants of interleukin 23 (IL23A). Methods. The study was conducted on 559 SLE patients and 603 ethnically matched healthy controls. Genotyping of the IL12B [IL12Bpro and IL12B 3' untranslated region (UTR)] and IL12RB1 (641A -> G, 1094T -> C and 1132G -> C) polymorphisms was performed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR-fluorescent methods, whereas IL23A genetic variants were realized with direct sequencing. Results. No statistically significant differences in the distribution of the IL12B and the IL12RB1 genotypes and alleles were observed when comparing SLE patients and control subjects. Additionally, no differences in the genotype and allele distribution were found when SLE patients were stratified according to the presence or absence of lupus nephritis. Despite an extensive analysis in 30 individuals, variations located in the exons and in the 5' and 3' UTR regions of IL23A gene were not found in any case. Conclusions. These results suggest that polymorphisms located in IL12B, IL12RB1 and IL23A genes may not play a relevant role in the susceptibility or severity of SLE in the Spanish population.
2D Visualization of the Psoriasis Transcriptome Fails to Support the Existence of Dual-Secreting IL-17A/IL-22 Th17 T Cells
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Authors: Le, Stephanie T.; Merleev, Alexander A.; Luxardi, Guillaume; Shimoda, Michiko; Adamopoulos, Lannis E.; Tsoi, Lam C.; Wang, Jenny Z.; Alexanian, Claire; Raychaudhuri, Siba P.; Hwang, Samuel T.; Gudjonsson, Johann; Marusina, Alina, I; Maverakis, Emanual
Abstract
The present paradigm of psoriasis pathogenesis revolves around the IL-23/IL-17A axis. Dual-secreting Th17 T cells presumably are the predominant sources of the psoriasis phenotype-driving cytokines, IL-17A and IL-22. We thus conducted a meta-analysis of independently acquired RNA-seq psoriasis datasets to explore the relationship between the expression of 1L17A and IL22. This analysis failed to support the existence of dual secreting IL-17A/IL-22 Th17 cells as a major source of these cytokines. However, variable relationships amongst the expression of psoriasis susceptibility genes and of IL17A, IL22, and IL23A were identified. Additionally, to shed light on gene expression relationships in psoriasis, we applied a machine learning nonlinear dimensionality reduction strategy (t-SNE) to display the entire psoriasis transcriptome as a 2-dimensonal image. This analysis revealed a variety of gene clusters, relevant to psoriasis pathophysiology but failed to support a relationship between IL17A and IL22. These results support existing theories on alternative sources of IL-17A and IL-22 in psoriasis such as a Th22 cells and non-T cell populations.