Mouse anti-Sheep MHC Class II DQ DR Polymorphic Monoclonal antibody [clone 50.2], FITC-Conjugated

ObjectiveEffect of a probiotic on the gut microbiome and peripheral immune function in healthy controls and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. MethodsMS patients (N=9) and controls (N=13) were orally administered a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus twice-daily for two months. Blood and stool specimens were collected at baseline, after completion of the 2-month treatment, and 3 months after discontinuation of therapy. Frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used for immune cell profiling. Stool samples were used for 16S rRNA profiling and metabolomics. ResultsProbiotic administration increased the abundance of several taxa known to be depleted in MS such as Lactobacillus. We found that probiotic use decreased the abundance of taxa previously associated with dysbiosis in MS, including Akkermansia and Blautia. Predictive metagenomic analysis revealed a decrease in the abundance of several KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways associated with altered gut microbiota function in MS patients, such as methane metabolism, following probiotic supplementation. At the immune level, probiotic administration induced an anti-inflammatory peripheral immune response characterized by decreased frequency of inflammatory monocytes, decreased mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD80 on classical monocytes, as well as decreased human leukocyte antigen (HLA) D related MFI on dendritic cells. Probiotic administration was also associated with decreased expression of MS risk allele HLA-DQA1 in controls. Probiotic-induced increase in abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium was associated with decreased expression of MS risk allele HLA.DPB1 in controls. InterpretationOur results suggest that probiotics could have a synergistic effect with current MS therapies. Ann Neurol 2018

Background. The association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) with a variety of diseases has been described, especially with various autoimmune diseases. However, there are few studies on the association between HLA and pityriasis rosea (PR). Aim. To investigate the relevance of HLA II alleles with the development of PR. Methods. Typing for HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 typing was performed in 55 patients with PR and 90 healthy controls (HCs), using sequence-based typing (SBT) and PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP), respectively. Results. We found that the frequency of HLA-DQB1*03: 03 was significantly higher in the PR compared with the HC group [P = 0.001; relative risk (RR) = 2.24; 95% CI 1.38-3.6], while suggestive evidence for a protective effect of HLA-DQB1*06: 06 was observed in the study cohort (P < 0.02; RR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.17-0.90). Conclusions. The HLA-DQB1*03: 03 allele may be a susceptible factor in patients with PR. In addition, the association of HLA-DQB1*03: 03 with PR suggests participation of immunity in the pathogenesis of PR.