Infrared Moving Small-Target Detection Using Spatial-Temporal Local Difference Measure
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
Authors: Du, Peng; Hamdulla, Askar
Abstract
Effectiveness and false alarm (FA) suppression are key issues in infrared (IR) moving small-target detection. In this letter, we propose a novel spatial-temporal local difference measure (STLDM) algorithm to detect a moving IR small target. The method we propose involves three steps. First, we block off three frames in a certain range of time (temporal) domain. Next, in a 3-D spatial-temporal domain, we analyze the local grayscale intensity difference of the small targets moving between the three frames and calculate the difference between the grayscale intensity in the center area and the grayscale intensity in the eight directions in the area surrounding the target. Finally, we segment the small target in a detection result map. The results of our experiment demonstrate that our proposed STLDM method has a higher rate of detection of IR moving small targets, as well as fewer FAs than other existing methods.
Substitution of fish oil with camelina or chia oils in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.) diets: Effect on growth performance, fatty acid composition, haematology and gene expression
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
Authors: Ofori-Mensah, Samuel; Yildiz, Mustafa; Arslan, Murat; Eldem, Vahap; Gelibolu, Serap
Abstract
Camelina and chia oils are among the vegetable oils (VOs) with high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and a combination of antioxidants, giving them nutritional advantage over other VOs used in aquafeeds. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary substitution of fish oil with oils from camelina or chia on the growth performance, fatty acid (FA) composition, gene expression and blood haematology in gilthead sea bream after a 90-day feeding trial. Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated in which fish oil was 100% (camelina oil, CSO diet; and chia oil, CO diet) or 60% (MIX1 and MIX2 diets containing camelina and chia oils, respectively) replaced with camelina or chia oils. Growth performance and FA profiles of fish were significantly affected by the dietary treatments (p < .05). Contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) decreased, whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n-3/n-6 ratio increased in fish fed diets containing oils from camelina or chia. An up-regulation in the expression of genes involved in PUFA metabolism and the subsequent in vivo bioconversion of precursor FAs into highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA, C >= 20 andn >= 3) were recorded in fish fed VO-based diets. Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin and haematocrit did not differ among fish fed the experimental diets. Our overall results suggested that replacement of fish oil with camelina or chia oil did not adversely affect growth performance in gilthead sea bream, except for those fed CSO diet. Our results also demonstrate that fatty acid profile of fish can be modified by the dietary inclusion level of camelina or chia oils.