Cadherins are calcium dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types.
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References
Pax8 controls thyroid follicular polarity through cadherin-16
Organization of epithelial cells during follicular lumen formation is crucial for thyroid morphogenesis and function of the thyroid gland; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this are poorly understood. To investigate this process, we established three-dimensional (3D) epithelial culture model systems using Fischer rat thyroid (FRT) cells or murine primary thyrocytes that developed polarized spherical structures with a central lumen, mimicking thyroid follicles. Using microarray-based differential expression analysis of FRT cells grown under 2D or 3D conditions, followed by RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) and morphogenetic analysis, we identified a key role for the thyroid transcription factor Pax8 and its target cadherin-16 (Cdh16) in the generation of polarized follicle-like structures. Silencing Pax8 expression inhibited the acquisition of apical-basal membrane polarity and impaired lumen formation. Both laminin and beta 1-integrin (Itgb1) expression was reduced, and cell cytoskeleton polarized distribution was altered. Silencing Cdh16 expression also led to the formation of defective structures characterized by very low laminin expression at the follicle-matrix interface, downregulation of Itgb1, and unpolarized distribution of cell cytoskeleton. Our results demonstrate that Pax8 controls apical-basal follicular polarization and follicle formation through Cdh16.
Kidney-specific cadherin (cdh16) is expressed in embryonic kidney, lung, and sex ducts
Cdh16 was initially described as a truncated cadherin expressed in the adult rabbit kidney. We have analyzed the expression pattern of cdh16 during mouse embryogenesis, and show that cdh-16 transcripts an present in ureter-derived epithelia of the metanephric kidney. In addition, we demonstrate that cdh-16 is also transiently expressed in the epithelia of embryonic sex ducts and the lung of the embryo. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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