Rabbit Anti-Human ALDOA (a.a. 261-364) Polyclonal antibody

Combining genome- wide mapping of SNP- rich regions in schizophrenics and gene expression data in all brain compartments across the human life span revealed that genes with promoters most frequently mutated in schizophrenia are expression hubs interacting with far more genes than the rest of the genome.We summed up the differentially methylated " expression neighbors" of genes that fall into one of 108 distinct schizophrenia- associated loci with high number of SNPs.Surprisingly, the number of expression neighbors of the genes in these loci were 35 times higher for the positively correlating genes (32 times higher for the negatively correlating ones) than for the rest of the similar to 16000 genes.While the genes in the 108 loci have little known impact in schizophrenia, we identified many more known schizophrenia- related important genes with a high degree of connectedness (e.g.MOBP, SYNGR1 and DGCR6), validating our approach.Both the most connected positive and negative hubs affected synapse- related genes the most, supporting the synaptic origin of schizophrenia.At least half of the top genes in both the correlating and anti- correlating categories are cancer- related, including oncogenes (RRAS and ALDOA), providing further insight into the observed inverse relationship between the two diseases.

The recent emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused global concern as a result of the association with neurological disorders, and brain development dysfunction in fetuses of mothers who become infected with ZIKV during pregnancy. The NS2B-NS3 protease is important for viral replication and offers an attractive drug target. In addition to processing the viral polypeptide, evidence has shown that the NS2B-NS3 protease also targets cellular proteins as part of the viral replication process. This study sought to determine new host cell protein targets of ZIKV NS2B-NS3 (zNS2B-NS3). Plasmids encoding the protease domains of zNS2B-NS3pro and an inactive zNS2B-NS3(S135A) were transfected into HEK293T/17 cells and differentially expressed proteins were detected by 2D gel electrophoresis. A total of 18 protein spots were observed as differentially expressed between zNS2B-NS3pro and zNS2B-NS3(S135A), of which 7 were selected for identification by mass spectrometry. Four proteins (protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/ B1), voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) and aldolase A (ALDOA)) were selected for validation by independent transient expression and western blot analysis. Three proteins (PDIA3, hnRNP A2/B1 and ALDOA) were successfully validated, but only two proteins (PDIA3 and ALDOA) were shown to be regulated in ZIKV infection in agreement with the results of the transfection experiments. This study has identified two proteins, PDIA3 an ALDOA whose expression is modulated by the ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease, and these proteins are involved in the ER stress response and glycolysis respectively, two critical cellular processes in ZIKV infection.